1. Pre-War Compromises

2. Missouri Compromise (1820)
Missouri wanted to become a slave state and free states were angry. The balance in Congress would be up set between the slave and free states.

3. What was decided? Missouri entered the Union as a slave state
Maine entered the Union as a free state

4. Compromise of 1850 What should happen to the Southwest territory?
California wants to become a free state.
Northerners were upset over the slave trade in Washington DC.

5. What was decided? California entered the Union as a free state.
The rest of the Mexican Cession was given popular sovereignty.
Slave trade was abolished in DC.
Fugitive Slave Act is enforced

6. Popular Sovereignty
Stephen Douglas’ idea that the authority of the government comes from the people.

7. Fugitive Slave Act
All runaway slaves that were caught had to be returned to the South
Slaves had no right to a jury trial
Some free blacks could be captured and sent to the South

8. Kansas-Nebraska Act
If both Kansas and Nebraska were to be made free states the balance in Congress would be up set
Solution: People in each state would decide the slavery issue (popular sovereignty)

9. Bloody Kansas
People from the North and the South flooded Kansas to sway the vote causing a bloody conflict between the states.

10. Tensions were building in Washington, DC leading to Preston Brooks and Charles Sumner fighting on the Senate floor. It took Sumner three and a half years to recover.