1. Egyptian Gods & Goddess
Coach Jay: World History

2. Ra / Re / Amen-Ra King of the Gods Sun god
Falcon head with a sun on top.
Sometimes seen as the creator of men (Egyptians called themselves "the cattle of Ra”)
Since heaven and the underworld have water, Ra uses a boat (Madjet (“strong”) while rising and Semektet ("becoming weak") when setting. He often has help from other gods to successfully navigate his boat.
He constantly had to fight monsters (Sebau, Nak, and Apep)
The phoenix is one of his symbols

3. Osiris God of the earth and vegetation
Symbolized the yearly drought and flooding of the Nile.
Gave Egypt civilization.
Married his sister, Isis
Osiris rules Egypt and he leaves Isis in charge when he is gone
Set and 72 conspirators kill him by chopping him up into pieces
Isis found almost all the pieces and put him back together (making the missing part out of clay)
King of the afterlife
Usually shown as a bearded, mummified human with green skin and wearing the atef crown. His hands come out from the mummy wrappings and hold the flail and crook.

4. Horus
Falcon headed
The Pharaoh was supposed to be his earthly embodiment.
Son of Osiris (after his resurrection)
Set is always trying to hurt him
Stunted from his waist down
In art, he is often shown standing on crocodiles
His sons are born from Isis. Each take care of the organs during the mummification process
Duamutef (stomach)
Imsety (liver)
Hapi (lungs)
Qebehsenuef (intestines)

5. Nephthys
Wife of Seth
Seduced her brother Osiris (possibly getting him drunk or by looking like Isis) to get pregnant with Anubis
BFFF Isis

6. Isis Isis was the sister/wife of Osiris
Shown as a a woman wearing a vulture head-dress and the solar disk between a pair of horns
Isis suckles the pharohs
May be one of the judges of the dead
Has great magical powers
Created the cobra and uses the cobra bite to make Ra reveal to her his secret name
The purest example of the loving wife and mother

7. Set God of evil, the desert, storms, and chaos A devil figure
Antelopes are sacred to him
Hates Osiris (jealous)
Kills Osiris and becomes king before he is killed by Horus
Part pig and part donkey

8. Hathor
Usually depicted as a cow or as a beautiful woman wearing a horned headdress
She is both wife/ daughter of Ra
Also married Horus
Suckled Horus when he was young and took care of him after Set blinded him
Her milk is food of the gods
She offers food and drink to the dead
Women aspire to be her

9. Anubis Son of Nephthys and either Set or Ra – adopted servant of Isis
Head of a jackal
Guides the dead to the underworld and weighs their heart (bad deeds make your heart weigh more)
Works with Osiris in the underworld
Mummification god

10. Ammut “Eater of the Dead”
She stands by the scales of the hearts and eats the hearts of the wicked (a final death)
Head of a crocodile, body of a leopard, hind legs of a hippo (apparently wicked hearts are fattening – who knew?)

11. Aten The actual disk of the sun His hands are the sun’s rays
May be the creator of men

12. Nut
The Sky
She and her brother, Geb (the earth), could not stop “holding hands” so now their father (Shu – air) stands between them holding them apart.

13. Thoth Moon god Head of an ibis
Scribe (records the weight of the hearts in the underworld)
Invented writing
From the Book of the Dead: “Hear the word of the very truth. I have judged the heart of the deceased, and his soul stands witness for him. His deeds are righteous in the great balance and no sin has been found in him.”

14. Bast Cat-headed Goddess of love, sex, and childbirth
Cats are sacred (many cats were mummified in her honor

15. Bes Popular, household god Dwarf Frightens evil spirits away
Hangs out with Taweret, a goddess of childbirth (she is scary looking)
Roman soldiers wore amulets with his likeness for protection

16. Hapy God of the Nile floods Keeps the land and river fertile
He has long hair, large breasts, and a protruding stomach (all symbols of fertility) and also a beard and is blue
In some areas, he was worshipped over Ra

17. Neith A mother goddess Invented childbirth
Created gods, humans, and animals
Warrior goddess
Once she spit into the Nile and this spit turned into Apep, a serpent who lives in the underworld and tries to eat Ra each night

18. Sekhmet Lion headed Wife of Ptah (an early creator god)
Breathes fire against her enemies
Delivers punishment to the gods