1. Ecological and Environmental Stability
Urban Issues in the NCCAP

2. Components of the Environment
Blue
Groundwater and Freshwater
Coastal and Marine
Water Supply
Green
Forests
Agriculture
Critical Habitats and Biodiversity
Brown
Air Quality
Water Quality
Solid Waste Management
The ‘blue’ part refers to water and has a number of components. In short, it involves the protection (conservation) of important wetlands and marine ecosystems from the impacts of human activities, protection of water quality in wetlands and marine areas to avoid water pollution from impacts of human activities, and the protection of water resources used as water supply for humans from pollution.
The ‘green’ part of environment is what would normally be called conservation, and focuses on biodiversity. This involves the protection of important elements of the natural environment from the impacts of human activities.
The ‘brown’ component involves protecting humans from the impacts of human activities that have environmental impacts, especially air pollution, excessive noise, exposure to toxic chemicals, and risks and hazards from industrial activities.

3. Systems of Interest

4. Theory of Change Ultimate Outcome
Enhanced adaptive capacities of communities, resilience of natural ecosystems and sustainability of built environment to climate change
Intermediate Outcome
Enhanced resilience and stability of natural systems
Increased adaptive capacities of vulnerable communities
Immediate Outcome
Vulnerable communities have knowledge & capacities on environmental services and their significance to CC adaptation
Ridge-to-reef ecosystems conserved, protected and restored

5. Results Matrix, NCCAP 2011-2028 Ultimate Outcome
Enhanced adaptive capacity of communities, resilience of natural ecosystems and sustainability of built environment to climate change.
Ultimate Outcome Indicators
Trends in abundance and distribution of selected species (e.g. Tamaraw, Philippine Cockatoo and Philippine Eagle)
Amount of damage caused by major natural disasters (in Peso)
Intermediate Outcome
Enhanced resilience and stability of natural systems and communities.
Intermediate Outcome Indicators
Change in conservation status of threatened and/or protected species
Change in water quality: Water quality of priority river systems improved (by BOD water criteria: Class C ≤ 7 mg/L, 7 mg/L < Class D ≤ 10 mg/L)
% change forest cover using land use definition
Immediate Outcome
Ecosystems protected, rehabilitated and ecological services restored.
Indicators
Area of forest, agricultural, fishery and aquaculture ecosystems under sustainable management
Extinction of threatened species of listed wild flora and fauna prevented
% land area covered by forest from 23.8% in 2003 to 30% in 2016 using land use definition
% of critical coastal and marine habitats effectively and equitably managed

6. Potential Impacts of Climate Change in Urban Areas
Air Quality
Low air dispersion/circulation, leading to increased number of days with bad air quality
Increased surface ozone in polluted areas, leading to worsening smog pollution
Extreme Weather Events
Drought aggravates water sufficiency issues for cities that depend on groundwater
Increased frequency of prolonged rainfall and frequent storms/monsoons resulting to flooding which may me exacerbated by in adequate solid waste management, impermeability of urban surface and inadequate drainage system
“Urban Heat Island” Effect
Increase in daily minimum temperature
Heavy rainfall events tend to occur more frequently over urban areas
Sea Level Rise
Saltwater intrusion into freshwater systems and coastal communities

7. Data Checklist INDICATORS REMARKS Some reported species vary per year
Trends in abundance and distribution of selected species (e.g. Tamaraw, Philippine Cockatoo and Philippine Eagle)
Some reported species vary per year
Amount of damage caused by major natural disasters (in Peso)
Cost of damage for agriculture, infrastructure and communication
Change in conservation status of threatened and/or protected species
Reported as figures per taxonomic group and not species level
Change in water quality: Water quality of priority river systems improved (by BOD water criteria: Class C <= 7mg/L; Class D >7mg/L & >= 10mg/L) ✔
% change forest cover using land use definition
✔(2010 and 2015 data available)
Area of forest, agricultural, fishery and aquaculture ecosystems under
sustainable management
✔ (demarcation and delineation of 28 PA areas; area of protected reefs)
Extinction of threatened species of listed wild flora & fauna prevented
Reported as wildlife conservation
Land area covered by forest from 23.8% in 2003 to 30% in 2016 using land use definition
✔ (2010 and 2015 data available)
% of critical coastal and marine habitats effectively and equitably managed
Area of protected reefs

8. EES Interventions Existing Strategies Ecosystem-based Adaptation
Environmental Policy and Law Enforcement
Capacity Development on CLUP preparation
Natural Resources Accounting
Proposed improvement
Air quality and solid waste management to be included in CLUP

9. THANK YOU
Climate Change Commission
Website: