1. Single colour fundus photographs of patients with disc swelling secondary to raised intracranial pressure (papilloedema).
Single colour fundus photographs of patients with disc swelling secondary to raised intracranial pressure (papilloedema). (A) Mild papilloedema with burring and elevation of nasal disc margin (arrow). (B) Moderate papilloedema with obscuration of vessels by oedematous nerve fibre layer. (C, D, E) Severe papilloedema with cotton wool spots, nerve fibre layer haemorrhage (arrows C and D) and venous engorgement and tortuosity (arrow E). (F) Papilloedema with secondary optic atrophy. Note, as atrophy progresses, fewer nerve fibres can swell.
Susan P Mollan et al. Pract Neurol 2014;14:
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