1. Chemistry An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Eleventh Edition Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 5 Chemical Quantities and Reactions 5.4 Types of Reactions 1

2. Chemistry An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Eleventh Edition Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Types of Reactions Chemical reactions can be classified as combination reactions decomposition reactions single replacement reactions double replacement reactions combustion reactions 2

3. Chemistry An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Eleventh Edition Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Combination Reactions In a combination reaction, two or more elements form one product or simple compounds combine to form one product 2Mg(s) + O 2 (g) 2MgO(s) 2Na(s) + Cl 2 (g) 2NaCl(s) SO 3 (g) + H 2 O(l) H 2 SO 4 (aq) 3

4. Chemistry An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Eleventh Edition Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Combination Reaction: MgO 4

5. Chemistry An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Eleventh Edition Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Decomposition Reaction In a decomposition reaction, one substance splits into two or more simpler substances. 2HgO(s) 2Hg(l) + O 2 (g) 2KClO 3 (s) 2KCl(s) + 3O 2 (g) 5

6. Chemistry An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Eleventh Edition Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Decomposition Reaction: HgO 6

7. Chemistry An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Eleventh Edition Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Single Replacement Reaction In a single replacement reaction, one element takes the place of a different element in another reacting a compound. Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) ZnCl 2 (aq) + H 2 (g) Fe(s) + CuSO 4 (aq)FeSO 4 (aq) + Cu(s) 7

8. Chemistry An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Eleventh Edition Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Single Replacement Reaction: ZnCl 2 8

9. Chemistry An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Eleventh Edition Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Double Replacement Reaction In a double replacement, two elements in the reactants exchange places. AgNO 3 (aq) + NaCl(aq) AgCl(s) + NaNO 3 (aq) ZnS(s) + 2HCl(aq) ZnCl 2 (aq) + H 2 S(g) 9

10. Chemistry An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Eleventh Edition Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Double Replacement Reaction: BaSO 4 10

11. Chemistry An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Eleventh Edition Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Combustion Reaction In a combustion reaction, a carbon-containing compound burns in oxygen gas to form carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and water (H 2 O) energy is released as a product in the form of heat CH 4 (g) + 2O 2 (g) CO 2 (g) + 2H 2 O(g) + energy 11

12. Chemistry An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Eleventh Edition Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Combustion Reaction Insert diagram of following balanced reaction with triangle over the reaction arrow. C 3 H 8 (g) + 5O 2 (g) Δ 3CO 2 (g) + 4H 2 O(g) 12

13. Chemistry An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Eleventh Edition Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Summary of Reaction Types 13

14. Chemistry An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Eleventh Edition Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Learning Check Classify each of the following reactions as combination, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, or combustion. A. 2Al(s) + 3H 2 SO 4 (aq) Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 (s) + 3H 2 (g) B. Na 2 SO 4 (aq) + 2AgNO 3 (aq) Ag 2 SO 4 (s) + 2NaNO 3 (aq) C. 3C(s) + Fe 2 O 3 (s) 2Fe(s) + 3CO(g) D. C 2 H 4 (g) + 2O 2 (g) 2CO 2 (g) + 2H 2 O(g) 14

15. Chemistry An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Eleventh Edition Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Solution A. 2Al(s) + 3H 2 SO 4 (aq) Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 (s) + 3H 2 (g) Single Replacement B. Na 2 SO 4 (aq) + 2AgNO 3 (aq) Ag 2 SO 4 (s) + 2NaNO 3 (aq) Double Replacement C. N 2 (g) + O 2 (g) 2NO(g) Combination D. C 2 H 4 (g) + 2O 2 (g) 2CO 2 (g) + 2H 2 O(g) Combustion 15

16. Chemistry An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Eleventh Edition Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Learning Check Identify each reaction as combination, decomposition, combustion, single replacement, or double replacement. A. 3Ba(s) + N 2 (g) Ba 3 N 2 (s) B. 2Ag(s) + H 2 S(aq) Ag 2 S(s) + H 2 (g) C. 2C 2 H 6 (g) + 7O 2 (g) 4CO 2 (g) + 6H 2 O(g) D. PbCl 2 (aq) + K 2 SO 4 (aq) 2KCl(aq) + PbSO 4 (s) E. K 2 CO 3 (s) K 2 O(aq) + CO 2 (g) 16

17. Chemistry An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Eleventh Edition Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Solution Identify each reaction as combination, decomposition, combustion, single replacement, or double replacement. A. 3Ba(s) + N 2 (g) Ba 3 N 2 (s) Combination B. 2Ag(s) + H 2 S(aq) Ag 2 S(s) + H 2 (g) Single Replacement C. C 2 H 6 (g) + 7O 2 (g) 4CO 2 (g) + 6H 2 O(g) Combustion 17

18. Chemistry An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Eleventh Edition Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. Solution Identify each reaction as combination, decomposition, combustion, single replacement, or double replacement. D. PbCl 2 (aq) + K 2 SO 4 (aq) 2KCl(aq) + PbSO 4 (s) Double Replacement E. K 2 CO 3 (s) K 2 O(aq) + CO 2 (g) Decomposition 18