1. Types of Bureaucracies
Bureaucracy

2. Why is there a federal bureaucracy?
intro
Why is there a federal bureaucracy?

3. Staff & Line Agencies
Federal Bureaucracy

4. Bureaucracy Staff Agencies Staff Agencies
They exist to assist the president
They have major roles in helping to develop policy for POTUS
They work to benefit the president primarily
They usually don’t have to be approved by the Senate – the president can choose whoever he wants

5. Bureaucracy Staff Agencies Staff Agencies Council of Economic Advisors
National Security Council
Office of Management & Budget
The Cabinet

6. Bureaucracy Line Agencies Line Agencies
They have their own independent goals and jobs to perform
They have major roles in helping to execute policy for the US
They work to benefit the people primarily
They are mostly independent of the president and Congress
They will have to be approved by the Senate in most cases

7. Center for Disease Control
Bureaucracy
Line Agencies
Line Agencies
US Postal Service
NASA
Federal Reserve
Center for Disease Control

8. Independent Regulatory Agencies
Federal Bureaucracy

9. Bureaucracy Regulatory Independent Regulatory Agencies
They are line agencies – they regulate independently
Regulate – they help enforce the law
Independent – they are not directly controlled by POTUS or Congress
They are going to engage in some minor law making

10. Bureaucracy Regulatory Independent Regulatory Agencies
The heads of these agencies are appointed by POTUS
They can only be removed for cause – the president can’t all of a sudden disagree with their politics
Some are “Commissions” or “Boards” so they are lead by a group instead of an individual
In these cases, the terms are staggered and are often longer than the president’s term of office – he doesn’t pick them all

11. Bureaucracy Regulatory Independent Regulatory Agencies
They engage in rule making – they make some details of regulations
Their goal is to serve the public interest in a particular segment of the economy
Since they play a role in policy making, they are lobbied by interest groups
These agencies are also often a part of the “revolving door”

12. Bureaucracy Regulatory Independent Regulatory Agencies
EPA: Environmental Protection Agency
FEC: Federal Election Commission
FCC: Federal Communication Commission
The Fed: The Federal Reserve Bank

13. Cabinet Departments
Federal Bureaucracy

14. Bureaucracy Cabinet Cabinet Departments
They are staff agencies – they exist to help the president develop policy
They both create and implement policy
Each Dept. is led by a “Secretary” who is a member of the president’s Cabinet.
They are chosen for both expertise and for political reasons
Cabinet Secretaries are confirmed by the Senate

15. Bureaucracy Cabinet Cabinet Departments
Each department manages specific policy areas & has its own budget & staff
Each department is organized a little differently
Each department has agencies within it that function much like regulatory agencies
They serve as the policy specialists for the president

16. Department of Education
Bureaucracy
Cabinet
Cabinet Departments
State Department
Department of Defense
Department of Justice
Department of Education

17. Government Corporations
Federal Bureaucracy

18. Bureaucracy Govt. Corporations Government Corporations
They are line agencies – they have goals that are separate from the president
Provide services to citizens just like a private business would
They have their own revenue streams other than just taxes – people pay for the services they provide
There are in many cases businesses that would not survive without government subsidies

19. Bureaucracy Govt. Corporations Government Corporations
They often charge less for their services than a customer would pay in
the private sector
In some instances, the government will take over a “sick industry” if it may be headed toward failure but provides a necessary service
People typically have negative attitudes toward these – because they assume a business would do the job better

20. Bureaucracy Govt. Corporations Government Corporations
US Postal Service
Amtrak
Tennessee Valley Authority

21. Independent Executive Agencies
Federal Bureaucracy

22. Independent Executive Agencies
Bureaucracy
Executive Agencies
Independent Executive Agencies
All the agencies that don’t fit the other categories fall under the umbrella of “Independent Executive Agencies”
There handle all kinds of random, but necessary jobs for the government

23. Bureaucracy Executive Agencies Independent Executive Agencies NASA
General Services Administration
Office of Personnel Management

24. Bigly Ideas
Beliefs & Behaviors

25. Government Corporations
Bureaucracy
Wrap Up
Staff & Line Agencies
Regulatory Agencies
Cabinet
Government Corporations
Focus on these things: