1. Similarities and Differences Marzano Chapter 2
Eliane Agra
Alison Zeller
Megan Antis
Prisha Ward

2. Why use these strategies?
The Generalizations…
“Presenting students with explicit guidance in identifying similarities and differences enhances students’ understanding of and ability to use knowledge”(Marzano 15).
Encourages discussion and inquiry.

3. “Asking students to independently identify similarities and differences enhances students’ understanding of and ability to use knowledge” (Marzano 15).
“Representing similarities and differences in graphic or symbolic form enhances students’ understanding of and ability to use knowledge”(Marzano 16).

4. “Identification of similarities and differences can be accomplished in a variety of ways” (Marzano 16).
Comparing
Classifying
Metaphors
Analogies

5. All Strategies… Start with teacher directed, structured tasks
Proceed to student directed, comparison tasks
Utilize graphic organizers

6. Ways to Implement Strategy
Comparing
The process of identifying similarities and differences between or among things or ideas.*Marzano
The key is identifying important characteristics.

7. Classifying
The process of grouping things that are alike in two categories on the basis of their characteristics. *Marzano
Organize elements into groups based on their similarities.

8. Metaphors
The process of identifying a general or basic pattern in a specific topic and then finding another topic that appears to be quite different but that has the same general pattern. *Marzano
Two items in a metaphor are connected by an abstract or nonliteral relationship.
Love is a rose
In graphic organizers the two elements may have different literal patterns but share a common abstract pattern.

9. Analogies
The process of identifying relationships between pairs of concepts-in other words identifying relationships between relationships. *Marzano
Allow students to see how seemingly dissimilar things are similar
Hot:cold::night:day
Cold and day are opposites OF hot and night

10. Tying it into the Standards
Social Sciences
Common Curricular Goal: Compare and analyze physical and human characteristics of places and regions.
Mathematics
MA.02.AR.01 Sort and classify objects using one or more attributes by observing relationships and making generalizations.

11. Works Cited Oregon Content Standards Newspaper
Marazno,R., Pickering,D. & Pollock, J. (2002)Classroom instruction that works. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.