1. wPOWER Hub - Wangari Maathai Institute
Consequences of environmental degradation
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2. wPOWER Hub - Wangari Maathai Institute
What are the problems associated with poorly managed environment ?
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3. wPOWER Hub - Wangari Maathai Institute
What is Climate Change?
Climate Change = Any significant change in measures of climate (such as temperature or precipitation) lasting for an extended period of time (typically decades)
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4. wPOWER Hub - Wangari Maathai Institute
The enhanced greenhouse effect
Less infrared radiation (heat) escapes to space
Higher levels of GHGs trap more heat in atmosphere, leading to temperature increases
GHGs
GHGs
GHG
GHG
GHG
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5. Where Do Greenhouse Gases Come From?
MELTING PERMAFROST
AIR TRANSPORT
COAL MINING
COAL PLANTS
OIL PRODUCTION
CROP BURNING
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
ID #19 - Can be used in noncommercial online and TV broadcasts of your presentation, but not modified.
…emissions coming from coal mining and oil burning and industrial processes and many other sources.
DESCRIPTION: Graphic representation of major sources of greenhouse gas emissions
ADDITIONAL TALKING POINTS: Most of the global warming we’re seeing today is caused by carbon pollution from fossil fuels.* Other important contributors include deforestation, agriculture (crops and livestock) and industrial processes.**
REFERENCES:
* Union of Concerned Scientists, “Why Does CO2 Get Most of the Attention When There are So Many Other Heat-Trapping Gases (Greenhouse Gases)?” last updated May 1,
** U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, “Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions Data,” last updated September 9,
FERTILIZATION
FOREST BURNING
INDUSTRIAL AGRICULTURE
LAND TRANSPORTATION
LANDFILLS
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6. wPOWER Hub - Wangari Maathai Institute
What are the effects of climate change
Changes in temperatures
Changes in rainfall seasons/patterns
Drought…leading to low food productivity and famine
Excessive rainfall – leading to floods
Diseases:
change of distribution of infectious disease vectors e.g Mosquitoes (Malaria), etc
Diarrhoeal diseases etc
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7. wPOWER Hub - Wangari Maathai Institute
Decreasing snow cover and melting glaciers
Kilimanjaro 1993
Decreasing snow cover
Kilimanjaro 2000
82% of Mt. Kilimanjaro’s glacier has disappeared since first surveyed in 1912
Another sign of climate change is that worldwide, snow cover is melting and glaciers are retreating.
The graph on the left shows the change in area of land (in millions of km) globally that is under snow cover- and it is clear that this area has declined significantly in recent years.
In addition to losses in snow cover, glaciers are melting in almost all regions of the world- often at a very alarming rate.
For example, Moutn Kilimanjaro in Kenya has lost almost 82% of its glacier, and much of this melting has occurred in the last decade (as seen in the photo above).
left graphic (Image by NASA of Kilimanjaro's rapidly melting glacier. 82% of it has disappeared since it was first surveyed back in The image shows the difference in only seven years. ) (
right graphic (
Mountain glaciers and snow cover have declined
The Arctic provides a striking illustration of the impacts of climate change on people and places. Sea ice has shrunk substantially, and coastal ice melts three weeks earlier than it did just 30 years ago. The area of sea lost since 1979 is greater than California, Texas and Maryland combined.
The bald truth is that Earth’s polar ice caps are melting at an alarming rate. The cause? Global climate change.
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8. Nairobi, Kenya
April 23, 2012
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DESCRIPTION: Photo showing flooded roadways in Nairobi, Kenya, April 2012
ADDITIONAL TALKING POINTS: Heavy rainfall in Kenya produced flash flooding. Seven were killed when their church group was struck by flooding in Hells Gate National Park in Naivasha, outside of Nairobi.*
REFERENCES:
* Simon Ndonga, “7 dead in Hells Gate flood disaster,” Capital News, April 23,
© 2012 AP Photo/Sayyid Azim

9. wPOWER Hub - Wangari Maathai Institute
Kisumu County, Kenya
April 1, 2013
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DESCRIPTION: Photo of residents coping with floodwaters in Kisumu County, Kenya, April 2013
ADDITIONAL TALKING POINTS: Thousands were displaced by flooding when at least four rivers overflowed their banks after heavy rainfall in parts of Kenya. The flood waters also swept away livestock and inundated crops.*
REFERENCES:
* “Thousands displaced by Kenya flooding,” Sabahi, April 9,
© 2013 Tom Otieno/Nation Media/Gallo Images/Getty Images
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10. wPOWER Hub - Wangari Maathai Institute
Mogadishu, Somalia
March 29, 2013
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…Somalia…
DESCRIPTION: Photo of people wading through floodwaters, Mogadishu, Somalia, March 2013
ADDITIONAL TALKING POINTS: The rainy season began earlier than normal in Somalia in 2013, especially in northern parts of the country. Many locations recorded above average rainfall totals in March, which impacted livelihoods, infrastructure and displaced many.*
REFERENCES:
* ReliefWeb, Climate Update: March (April 2013).
© 2013 Reuters/Feisal Omar
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11. wPOWER Hub - Wangari Maathai Institute
Kiral, Senegal
May 2012
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…in Senegal there is not always enough water…
DESCRIPTION: Photo of women crowding at a water well in the village of Kiral, Senegal, May 2012
ADDITIONAL TALKING POINTS: Wells do not always produce sufficient water in places like Kiral, located in the Matam region of northeastern Senegal.* Drought and failed harvests are leading to increased food shortages. Malnutrition among Senegalese children is 14 percent—right at the World Health Organization’s emergency threshold—and more than one million children in the sub-Saharan region under the age of five are at risk of life-threatening food shortage.*
REFERENCES:
* Associated Press, “Hunger Stalks Africa’s young,” Times Union, May 26,
Local wells can’t always provide enough water for people and livestock
© 2012 AP Photo/Rebecca Blackwell
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12. wPOWER Hub - Wangari Maathai Institute
What can we do?
Climate change mitigation Adaptation
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13. Mitigation measures Use cars less and public transportation more
Using more efficient energy technologies
Use cars less and public transportation more
(buses, trains)
Avoiding deforestation, or the cutting of trees
Improved cooking technologies
Lighting solutions
Reforestation—planting new tress
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14. wPOWER Hub - Wangari Maathai Institute
We now have to change!
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We do know we have to change.
DESCRIPTION: Text slide about the need for change
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15. wPOWER Hub - Wangari Maathai Institute
Thank you
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