1. 02
IAT 102 Graphic Design

2. Letter Spacing
The goal of this assignment is for you to study the technique of letterspacing or kerning.
Letterspacing is the distance between letters on the same baseline. It is also called kerning. Designers use this technique when dealing with large size, or isolated type (magazine headers, logo and logotype design, etc).

3. Volkswagen LetterSpacing
If letters in a typeface are spaced uniformly, they make a pattern that looks irregular. Gaps occur, for example, around letter whose forms angle outward or frame an open space (W, Y, V, T, L).
Volkswagen

4. LetterSpacing
Because the space between characters expands as the type size increases, designers often fine-tune letterspacing when working with large letters. As the word “rub” gets bigger, the gap between u and b grows more obvious.
rub
rub
rub

5. kerning

6. kerning

7. kerning

8. Flush left: the vertical alignment may seem irregular, especially when the first letter in each line is a cap.
Letters having straight vertical strokes, such as B, E, F, H, I, M, N, P and R, align perfectly, while
IRREGULAR CAP LETTERS SUCH AS A, C, J, O, T, V, W, AND Y, MUST BE ALIGNED OPTICALLY.
kerning

9. optical letter spacing

10. optical letter spacing

11. word spacing

12. word spacing

13. Character spacing (kerning)
Word spacing
Linespacing (leading)

14. kerning

15. kerning

16. kerning

17. Character spacing (kerning)
Word spacing
Linespacing (leading)