1. The Columbian Exchange
WHAP 2019

2. The Columbian Exchange
Voyages launched large-scale contact between Europe, Africa and The Americas.
Interaction with Native Americans led to sweeping cultural changes.
Contact between the two groups led to the widespread exchange of plants, animals, peoples and disease—the Columbian Exchange.
Plants, animals developed in very different ways in hemispheres
Europeans—no potatoes, corn, sweet potatoes, turkeys
People in Americas—no coffee, oranges, rice, wheat, sheep, cattle
The Exchange of Goods
Arrival of Europeans in Americas changed all this
Previously unknown foods taken back to Europe
Familiar foods brought to Americas by colonists
Sharing Discoveries
The introduction of beasts of burden to the Americas was a significant development from the Columbian Exchange. The introduction of the horse provided people in the Americas with a new source of labor and transportation.

3. New plants to the “Old World”
Potato
Corn
Tomato
Sweet Potato
Cacao (Cocoa)
Pineapples
Pumpkins
Tobacco
**The Europeans loved the Tobacco
Notice Italy did NOT have tomatoes until the Columbian Exchange.

5. “Old World” Diseases Smallpox Measles Diphteria Chicken Pox
Bubonic Plague
Influenza
Cholera
Malaria
Small pox-trunk of victim
*Infecting many Native Americans
Bubonic Plague Victim

6. What the “New World” brought to Europe
Syphilis
Hepatitis
Polio
Tuberculosis
Polio-deformed legs
Lung of victim: Tuberculosis

7. Mercantilism New Economic Policy Intense Competition
Founding of colonies, new goods in Europe led to significant changes
1500s, Europeans developed new economic policy, mercantilism
Nation’s strength depended on its wealth
Wealthy nation had power for military and expanded influence
New Economic Policy
Wealth measured by amount of gold, silver possessed by nation
Mercantilists believed there was fixed amount of wealth in world
For one nation to become wealthier, more powerful—had to take wealth, power away from another nation
Mercantilism led to intense competition between nations
Intense Competition

8. Controlling Sources
Nation that controlled own sources would not need to import from competing nations
Why important
Country did not need to spend own money to obtain raw materials
Foreign countries considered rivals, might become active enemy, cut off supply of raw materials
European nations worked to become more self-sufficient
Nations began to establish colonies

9. Cultural Diffusion
The spread of ideas, customs, and technologies from one people to another.
Cultural diffusion occurs through migration, trade and welfare.

10. Columbian Exchange Immediate Causes: Long Term Causes:
Immediate Effects:
Long Term Effects:

11. Europeans arrive in the Americas
Immediate Causes:
Europeans arrive in the Americas
Europeans bring new plants, animals and diseases to the Americas
Long Term Causes:
God
Gold
Glory
Columbian
Exchange
Immediate Effects:
Spanish conquer Aztecs and Incas
Native Americans die of European diseases
Enslaved Africans are brought to the Americas
American foods are introduced to other parts of the world
Long Term Effects:
Spread of products all around the world
Population growth in Europe, Asia, and Africa
Cultural diffusion
Migration from Europe to the Americas
Growth of Capitalism

12. According to the diagram, the diet of western Europeans changed because of— (a )new technologies in food packaging (b) the development of new breeds of livestock (c) the use of the first food preservatives (d) the introduction of new foods from the Americas

13. Immigration

14. Building colonial empires essential to mercantilist system
Colonies
Building colonial empires essential to mercantilist system
European powers wanted to establish colonies
To control sources of raw materials
To provide new markets for manufactured goods
To mercantilist, colonies existed only to benefit home country
Colonies
Monarchs restricted economic activities in colonies
Colonists could not sell raw materials to other countries
Could not buy manufactured goods from other nations
Strict laws forbade colonies from manufacturing goods
Forced to buy only from home country
Strict Laws

15. Impact on Society Many Changes Rural Life
Changes taking place because of colonization
Had impact on European societies
Towns cities grew as business activity increased
New class of wealthier merchants emerged, began to wield more power in their towns
Many Changes
Impact of colonization not felt throughout society
Rural life continued as it had for centuries
Generations would pass before many began to grow new foods from Americas
Most people remained poor
Rural Life

16. Colonies gain Independence
What date was the Declaration of Independence Signed?
July 4th 1776

17. America Thrives as an Independent Country
Proving many countries wrong- The United States of America becomes stronger and stronger
With the United states expanding westward and Russia expanding Eastward boundaries got tight

18. Monroe Doctrine Passed by congress through President Monroe.
Stated that European countries had no business in Western Hemisphere affairs.
NO COLONIZATION
NO INTERVENTION
TRADE PARTNERS ONLY

19. Based on the cartoon, which of the following best explains the impact of the Monroe Doctrine? (A) The United States would not allow foreign nations to form alliances. (B) The United States would not allow further European colonization in the Western Hemisphere. (c) The United States would serve as a negotiator between European nations. (D) The United States would protect the economic interests of Europe.