1. Modularization and Customization Environment (MaCE)
Jiyong Park
Real-Time Operating Systems Lab, Seoul National University, Korea

2. Summary Current progress Architecture Key algorithms Known problems
data structure
weave algorithm
modularize algorithm
Known problems

3. Current Progress Research Implementation Adaptation
customization functionality
modularization functionality
user interface (shell-like)
plug-in module for Java
plug-in module for C/C++
user interface (as eclipse plug-in)
test
Adaptation
converting legacy OS to make it compatible with MaCE
about 80 %

4. MaCE Architecture (1/3) MaCE user user interface kernel C Java Make
file
plug-in modules
control flow
data flow
image file
compiler
feature repository
customized view

5. MaCE Architecture (2/3) feature repository feature_X feature_Y
feature_Z
main.c
main.c
main.c
sub.c
func.c
readme
MaCE
weave
modularize
management
customized view
main.c
sub.c
readme
user

6. MaCE Architecture (3/3) Kernel Plug-in modules User interface
manages features and artifacts
weave/modularize
language independent
Plug-in modules
language dependent
parsing/printout
User interface
interface to the kernel

7. Feature Repository (1/2)
myProg
main
sub
opt
feature repository
feature
artifact
feature descriptor
artifact descriptor

8. Feature Repository (2/2)
a directory that contains all features of a software system
Feature
a sub directory that contains all artifacts for a specific feature of a system
a feature can be activated/deactivated by users
feature descriptor file: contains meta-data about a feature
Artifact
a file inside a feature
artifact descriptor file: contains major/minor numbers of each language elements (method, class, code fragment, ...)

9. Customized View Customized view Weaved artifact
a directory that represents a customized software system
Weaved artifact
a file that is generated by weaving artifacts in activated features
developer edits weaved artifact by using his/her favorite editors

10. How to Use MaCE af <feature> : add a new feature.
lf : list features.
sf <feature> : show details of a feature.
setdesc <feature> : set description for a feature.
aa <feature> <artifact> : add an artifact to a feature.
da <feature> <artifact> : delete an artifact from a feature.
la <feature> : list artifacts in a feature.
df <feature> : deletes a feature.
ga <artifact> : get an artifact.
u <feature> <artifact> : update an artifact.

11. Adding a Feature mace> af base mace> af sub mace> lf base sub
two features named base and sub are added
mace> lf base sub
mace> la base
lists artifacts in a base feature. The result is none, since we did not add any artifact.

12. Adding an Artifact into a Feature
mace> aa base main.java
adds an artifact named main.java into base feature
mace> la base main.java
main.java is added.
base
sub
main.java

13. Get an Artifact to Customized View
mace> ga main.java
weave main.java into customized view.
From now, developers can edit the main.java
Empty main.java file is created.
base
sub
main.java
weave
main.java

14. Program an Artifact Use favorite editor to modify the main.java
public class A extends B {
int a;
int b;
void func() {
double x;
double xxxx;
double z; }

15. Modularize the Modification into a Feature Repository
mace> u base main.java
updates the modification to the main.java in the base feature
The user is working on the base feature
The user is editing main.java
main.java in customized view
main.java in base
public class A extends B {
int a;
int b;
void func() {
double x;
double xxxx;
double z; }
public class A extends B {
int a;
int b;
void func() {
double x;
double xxxx;
double z; }

16. Modularize More mace> aa main.java sub mace> ga main.java
adds main.java to sub feature
Again, edit main.java
public class A extends B {
int a;
int b;
int c;
public void func() {
double x;
double xxxx;
double yyyyy;
double z; }
int func2() { }
public class A extends B {
int a;
int b;
void func() {
double x;
double xxxx;
double z; }
edits

17. main.java in customized view
Modularize More
mace> u sub main.java
updates the recent modification to the main.java in sub feature.
main.java in customized view
main.java in sub
public class A extends B {
int a;
int b;
int c;
public void func() {
double x;
double xxxx;
double yyyyy;
double z; }
int func2() { }
class A {
int c;
public void func() {
double yyyyy; }
int func2() { }
modularizes

18. Result of Modularization
main.java in base
main.java in sub
public class A extends B {
int a;
int b;
void func() {
double x;
double xxxx;
double z; }
class A {
int c;
public void func() {
double yyyyy; }
int func2() { }

19. Data Structure (1/2) FeatureRepository Feature Artifact rootDir name
reference
subDir
name: d.c A B
name
ref. C
a.java D
b.java E
c.cpp
d.c
e.html
artifact descriptor
feature descriptor

20. Data Structure (2/2)
An abstract class Artifact represents a parse tree of a source file
Each language elements (class, method, ...) are represented as abstract class LanguageStructure
This class is extended by plug-in module
Artifact
JavaArtifact
extends *
LanguageStructure *
predefined class for representing a node with no child
extends
Class
Method
....
Field
LanguageStructureLeaf

21. JavaArtifact
Extended classes
package
imports
types
LanguageStructureLeaf
Class
Class
Class name: String
modifiers
superclass
interfaces
fields
methods
Field
Method
Field
Method
Field
name: String
Method
name: String
arguments: String[]
modifiers
type
modifiers
type
codes
initializer

22. Parent-Child Relationship
Children are grouped
Each group has a type that describes relationship among its elements and parent
method
code fragments
public static int mymethod() {
..... }
modifiers
return type
Child node
Child node
Child node
Child node
Child node
order
UNORDERED
SINGLE
ORDERED

23. Key Algorithms

24. main.c in customized view
Weaving
a process of merging parse tree of each artifact that has the same name
main.c from feature_X
main.c from feature_Y
weave
main.c in customized view

25. Weaving
There are three kinds of weaving depending on the type of a children group
SINGLE
only one child is permitted, a child with largest minor number wins
UNORDERED
different children: order among them are not guaranteed
same children: a child with largest minor number wins
ORDERED
different children: order among them are determined by major number

26. Weaving – Case 1: SINGLE
There are three kinds of weaving depending on the type of a children group
Case 1: SINGLE – child with larger minor number wins
weave
Parent 1
Parent 2
Weaved parent
Child 1
hash = h1
major = m1
minor = n1
Child 2
hash = h2
major = m2
minor = n2
Child 1
hash = h1
major = m1
minor = n1
abs(n1) > abs(n2)

27. Weaving – Case 2: UNORDERED
When two children are the same, child with larger minor number wins.
weave
Parent 1
Parent 2
Weaved parent
Child 1
hash = h1
major = m1
minor = n1
Child 2
hash = h2
major = m2
minor = n2
Child 2
hash = h2
major = m2
minor = n2
....
....
....
....
....
....
h1 == h2
abs(n1) < abs(n2)

28. Weaving – Case 2: UNORDERED
Order between different children are not guaranteed
weave
Parent 1
Parent 2
Weaved parent
Child 1
hash = h1
major = m1
minor = n1
Child 2
hash = h2
major = m2
minor = n2
Child 2
hash = h2
major = m2
minor = n2
Child 1
hash = h1
major = m1
minor = n1
....
....
....
....
....
....
order between child 1 and child 2 are not deterministic
h1 != h2

29. Weaving – Case 3: ORDERED
Order between different children are determined by their major number
weave
Parent 1
Parent 2
Weaved parent
Child 1
hash = h1
major = m1
minor = n1
Child 2
hash = h2
major = m2
minor = n2
Child 2
hash = h2
major = m2
minor = n2
Child 1
hash = h1
major = m1
minor = n1
....
....
....
....
....
....
Child 2 is placed before Child 1.
m1 > m2

30. Weaving
major and minor numbers are recorded in the artifact descriptor file
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<artifact name="a.java">
<CF group="2" majorNumber="1" minorNumber="1" hash=" ">
<CF group="0" majorNumber="1" minorNumber="1" hash=" " />
<CF group="1" majorNumber="1" minorNumber="1" hash="66" />
<CF group="3" majorNumber="1" minorNumber="1" hash="97">
<CF group="1" majorNumber="1" minorNumber="1" hash="104431" />
</CF>
<CF group="3" majorNumber="1" minorNumber="1" hash="98">
<CF group="3" majorNumber="1" minorNumber="1" hash=" ">
<CF group="1" majorNumber="1" minorNumber="1" hash=" " />
<CF group="3" majorNumber="1" minorNumber="1" hash=" " />
<CF group="3" majorNumber="2" minorNumber="1" hash=" " />
<CF group="3" majorNumber="3" minorNumber="1" hash=" " />
<CF group="3" majorNumber="4" minorNumber="-4" hash=" " />
</artifact>

31. Modularize Reverse process of weave working on feature_Y feature_X
feature_Z
feature_X
feature_Y
feature_Z
main.c
main.c
main.c
main.c
main.c
main.c
Weave
Modularize
main.c
main.c
main.c

32. Known Problems (1/2)
Impossible to support independent development of features
add a new feature “yours”
feature “base” 1 2 3
printf(“hello”);
printf(“your”);
printf(“world”);
What happens when the two features are used together?
printf(“hello”);
printf(“world”); 1 2
Team A
Impossible to weave
add a new feature “mine”
feature “base” 1 2 3 4
printf(“oh!”);
printf(“hello”);
printf(“my”);
printf(“world”); 1 2
printf(“hello”);
printf(“world”);
Team B

33. Known Problems (2/3) feature “base” feature “yours” Team A 1 3 2
printf(“hello”);
printf(“world”); 1 3
printf(“your”); 2
feature “base”
feature “mine”
printf(“hello”);
printf(“world”); 2 4
printf(“oh!”);
printf(“my”); 1 3
Team B
Neither is correct.

34. What if we activate only “base” and “mine”?
Known Problems (3/3)
Deletion an existing code fragment can lead to unexpected situation
delete a sentence
make it as a part of feature “our”
add a sentence
make it as a part of feature “mine”
feature “base”
printf(“hello”);
printf(“your”);
printf(“world”);
printf(“hello”);
printf(“my”);
printf(“world”);
printf(“hello”);
printf(“world”);
What if we activate only “base” and “mine”?
Three cases:
printf(“hello”);printf(“your”); printf(“my”); printf(“world”);
printf(“hello”); printf(“my”); printf(“yours”); printf(“world”);
printf(“hello”); printf(“my”); printf(“world”);

35. Future Work Discuss with Samsung Demo Interim report
Is eclipse plug-in necessary?
What are the features that needs to be added?
Demo
Interim report