1. What is Migration?

2. Migration The movement of people from one place to another
Movement speeds the diffusion of ideas and innovations
It intensifies spatial interaction and transforms regions
It is closely linked to environmental conditions

3. Movement Movement takes many forms All movement involves leaving home
Mobility can be local or global
All movement involves leaving home
There are three types of movement that vary based on time away from home
Cyclic Movement
Periodic Movement
Migration

4. Cyclic Movement
Involves journeys that take us away from home, but then bring us back
Daily movement within an area is called an activity space
North American activity spaces are much larger than African or Southwest Asian spaces

5. Commuting Commuters practice cyclic movement
The average North American travels more daily than the average Chinese villager does in a year
Commutes can range from a few minutes, to hours
Transportation speeds vary as well

6. Seasonal Movement
Movement that occurs based on changing weather patterns and environmental conditions of the seasons
Example: seasonal travelers that flee the northern winters for the southern states

7. Nomadism Nomadism is a matter of survival, tradition, and culture
Nomads are usually found in Southwest Asia and Africa
Nomadic herders usually follow the same routes year after year
They need to know where to find food, water, and shelter as the seasons change

8. Periodic Movement
Also involves returning home, but people that practice this type of movement are away for longer periods of time
Migrant workers are examples of people that practice periodic movement

9. Transhumance A specialized form of periodic movement
This is a system of pastoral farming where ranchers move animals according to the seasonal availability of pastures

10. Other forms of Periodic Movement
Going away to college
Typically lasts nine months
Military Service
Can last years

11. Migration A permanent relocation across significant distances
It can involve the movement of an individual, household, or larger group

12. International Migration
Movement across country borders (also called external migration)
When a migrant leaves a home country, they are considered an emigrant (Exits)
Subtracts from the total population of a country
When the same migrant enters a new country, they are considered an immigrant (In)
Adds to the total population of a country

13. Internal Migration Most migration in North America is internal
Internal Migration refers to migration within a country’s borders
Most North American migration is toward the South and West
The US population is the most mobile in the world
Most Americans move once every six years

14. Rural to Urban Migration
The world’s rural to urban balance is now mostly urban
Moving from an urban area to a neighboring smaller town is called suburbanization
Moving from an urban area to a rural area is called counterurbanization
This is becoming a trend with the DINKs (Dual Income-No Kids )