1. The Monarchy Loses its Grip
Absolutism: England
The Monarchy Loses its Grip

2. I. Monarchs vs. Parliament
James I (Stuart): “I will not be content that my power be disputed upon.”
dissolved Parliament, collected taxes on his own, against the Puritans
Charles I: imprisoned foes w/o charges or trials, signed Petition of Right but ignored it (King couldn’t raise taxes w/o Parliament)
Ruled w/o Parliament for 11 years but needed their help to raise $ to put down rebellion
Long Parliament: didn’t disband, tried the King’s chief ministers & executed them

3. Charles I of England

4. II. English Civil War Charles I sent troops to arrest radicals
Parliament responded and built its own army
Cavaliers vs. Roundheads
Charles II fights back

6. Roundheads led by Oliver Cromwell, organized the New Model Army
Defeated the Cavaliers and captured King Charles I
Set up a court, trial and executed him as “a tyrant, traitor, murderer, and public enemy”
Sent shock waves through Europe, no ruler in England could claim absolute power

7. Cromwell died and people were tired of strict laws and military rule
monarchy abolished; Commonwealth established based on Puritan principles
Rule of saints, closed theatres, taverns, gambling, no dancing, must attend church on Sunday, Did expand education
Cromwell died and people were tired of strict laws and military rule
Puritan Justice
Oliver Cromwell

8. III. Restoration & Glorious Revolution
Charles II was welcomed back & adored, opened taverns etc., accepted the Petition of Right
James II flaunted Catholic faith, battled with Parliament
Parliament asked William & Mary to take over, James II fled (Glorious Revolution)
Had to accept English Bill of Rights, habeas corpus, Toleration Act, trial by jury, Commons had power of the purse
Britain is a Constitutional or Limited Monarchy