1. Why Be Happy When You Could Be Normal?
Giorgia Licata 5A

2. The Title
It suggests the book is going to deal with the answer to the question. The reader has to extrapolate the answer from the text: Jeanette Winterson wants to create her individuality to be herself THE SENSE OF LIFE IS TO BE YOURSELF

3. The Word Normal
The word normal refers to something or someone who/what conforms to a standard or to a norm in the society so the writer suggests just from the cover the topic of refusal.

4. The Word Happy
In the second chapter Jeanette Winterson dedicates the last two paragraphs to the word happy. But according to Jeanette Winterson pursuing happiness is more important then to be happy, indeed if you are always happy (even if it is impossible) you can’t distinguish your feelings and emotions, life is happiness or sadness. The word happy comes from hap, that is the fate which can preserves happy or sad moments. What the Americans, in their constitution call “the right to the pursuit of happiness is” the right to swim upstream, salmon-wise.. The meaning of the title is explained in this phrase: to be happy you can go against social conventions and against who prevents you TO BE YOURSELF

5. The Dedication
From the title the narrator makes the reader understand the book tries to explain to someone Why be happy when you could be normal?, the answer is chiefly dedicated to her adoptive mother. Indeed Mrs Winterson put this question to Jeanette. The dedication is addressed to her three mother, because they had an essential role in her life. Ann S. the biological mother; Mrs Winterson  the step mother; Ruth Rendell  the literal mother. Each one is different from the others. I find the explanation of the presence of three mothers in psychoanalysis; in particular what represents Mrs Winterson and Ruth Rendell in Jeanette’s life.

6. Mrs Winterson
According to psychoanalysis she represents the Terrificans Mother, in addition in 12th chapter it is described like a Creature/Monster.
It is identified in Durga, Kali or Ecate. The Terrificans Mother obstacles the growth of her daughter/son.
Mrs Winterson rapresents in Jeanette’s life the obstacles, so she puts her in condition to face the hard life and she had realized herself thanks her adoptive mother.
She said: “It is the first time I’ve had order a book in a false name..”
…why aren’t you proud of me?
(1th chapter)

7. Ruth Rendell
She was an English writer and she represents the Good Mother for Jeanette.
…never judging, quietly supporting, letting me talk, letting me be (13th chapter)
In psychoanalytic thought Good Mother is identified in Marie, Iside or Demetra.
They are symbolized by a vase, it is an object which indicates a wrapping and it suggests the womb  protection.

8. Ann S.
She represents the objective of Jeanette’s life. She was absent, and Jeanette doesn’t recognize her like her mother
she is an extraneous person for Jeanette
She could have been the perfect mother:
Do you mean you don’t go with men?...I have no problem with that. (14th chapter)
I ordered your book from the library…I felt so proud! (15th chapter)

9. The Titles Of The Chapters
Every title is a small anticipation of the chapter, the narrator can resume in a few words the concepts and the narration she is going to develop.
Every chapter is not directly connected to others, the reader has to find the hidden connections among them going beyond the surface of lines.
The novel has a circular structure. The final chapter appeals to the first and the reader’s attention is focused on the opposite figures of Ann and Mrs Winterson.

10. Jeanette’s Figure In The Novel
She doesn’t describe herself directly
 telling tecnique
She tried to talk about herself through writing.
She explains the reason of use the memoir:
There was no straight-line connection. You can tell that reading this. I want to show how it is when the mind works with its own brokenness.
Her life is a composition of puzzles which have created her identity