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Protein
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Protein From Greek “protos”
Major component in all animal and plant tissues Made up of hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and nitrogen
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Chemical structure - Protein
Source:
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What exactly is protein?
Amino Acids Building blocks for proteins 20 amino acids 11 can be made in the body 9 are essential
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Protein’s Role Enzymes Antibodies Hemoglobin Hormones
Facilitate and accelerate chemical reactions Antibodies Fight illness Hemoglobin Transport oxygen in the blood Hormones Regulate body functions
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Protein’s Role continued
Growth and maintenance Help grow and repair body tissues Add structure to body tissues
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Digestion & Absorption
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Recommended amounts 10-35% of intake should be protein
Males (18 + y/o): grams/day Females (18 + y/o): grams/day Calculation: 0.8 gram/kilogram of body weight Infants needs the most protein
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Food and protein How do you get protein in your diet?
Animal products are the best source Meat, eggs, milk, legumes, grains, vegetables
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Complete proteins Supply all essential amino acids in the correct amount for the body to use. Animal proteins are complete
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Complementary proteins
Plant proteins are incomplete Exception: soybean protein Vegetarians need to eat plant proteins in combination
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Too much protein? It is possible to get too much. Extra calories
Kidney strain Mineral loss Heart disease Cancer
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Choosing proteins What foods do you eat that contain protein?
Are there some that are better than others?
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Vegetarianism What is vegetarianism? Why become a vegetarian?
Scarcity of food Religious beliefs Concern for health or the environment Concerns about animals
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Types of vegetarians Semi-vegetarian Pesco-vegetarian
Lacto-ovo-vegetarian Lacto-vegetarian Ovo-vegetarian Vegan Fruitarian
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Vegetarian Health Benefits
Lower risk of heart disease Lower risk of cancer Less likely to be overweight
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Vegetarian Health Risks
Not getting enough protein Osteoporosis Anemia Choosing foods to eliminate health risks
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