1. Bellwork 3/22/12
Define:
Elevation, Flow Rate, Fluid, Fluid Dynamics, Force, Hydrodynamics, Pressure

2. Evaluating Energy Resources
Renewable
Future availability
Net energy yield
It takes energy to get energy
Habitat degradation
Cost (initial and ongoing)
Community disruption
Political or international issues
Suitability in different locations
Polluting (air, water, noise, visual)

3. Important Nonrenewable Energy Sources

4. What are the fossil fuels?
What percentage of the world’s energy is fossil fuels? Which do we use for electricity?

5. FOSSIL FUELS 85% of the world’s commercial energy
COAL
How are fossil fuels formed?
NATURAL GAS
OIL

7. 20 richest countries consume:
50% of coal
80% of natural gas
65% of oil
How are fossil fuels formed?

8. North American Energy Resources
US has only
2.4% of world’s
oil reserves
How are fossil fuels formed?
Average American uses in one day what a person
in the poorest countries use in one year

9. COAL Fossilized, condensed carbon-rich fuel 10 X reserves of oil/gas,
last 200 years at present rate

10. Coal – What is it? Solid fossil fuel formed in several stages
Land plants that lived million years ago
Subjected to intense heat and pressure over many millions of years
Mostly carbon, small amounts of sulfur

11. Coal Formation and Types

12. Coal – what do we use it for?
Stages of coal formation
300 million year old forests
peat > lignite > bituminous > anthracite
Primarily strip-mined
Used mostly for generating electricity
Used to generate 62% of the world’s electricity
Used to generate 52% of the U.S. electricity
Enough coal for about years
U.S. has 25% of world’s reserves
High environmental impact
Coal gasification and liquefaction

13. Coal: Trade-offs World’s most abundant fossil fuel
Mining and burning coal has a
severe environmental impact
Accounts for over 1/3 of the world’s CO2 emissions

14. Discussion Questions? How is your classroom lit?
Where does the electricity come from to power the lightbulbs in your classroom?
How much do you think it costs to light your classroom for one hour?

15. Calculating Costs
The electricity needed for the fluorescent tubes used to light most classrooms costs approximately three-tenths of a cent per hour.
Can you figure out how much it would cost to light our classroom for 1 hour?
N x = Cost/hour
How much would it cost for the entire day? Week? Year?

16. Coal Costs
It takes approximately 1 ton of coal to produce 2,500 kilowatthours (kWh) of electricity (or 1 pound of coal to produce 1.25 kilowatt-hours)
The average fluorescent tube uses 18 watts per hour or .018 kilowatt-hours of power per bulb.
How much coal do we use in 1 hour to light the school? 1 week? 1 year?