1. Math tools:
__________________ figures (digits)
- tell you how ___________ a measurement is
- _________ figures  ________ precise
Significant
precise
more
more

2. Ex 1: Measure the length of a box:2 3 4 5 6
L =
4.7 cm
= 4.7 ±
0.1 cm
last digit is
_____________
estimated

3. Ex 2: Use a “better” ruler:1 2 3 4 5 6
L =
0.01 cm
4.67 cm
= 4.67 ±
last digit is
______________
estimated

4. Ex 3: Measure the length of a different box:1 2 4 5 6 7
L =
6.49 cm
= 6.49 ±
0.01 cm
The precision is worthless because answer is
_____________—not close to true or actual value.
inaccurate

5. Figures (numbers) are significant if they are:
any zeros that are:
a/ between any _________________ numbers: 509; or
b/ to the ___________ of a non-zero number AND
to the ___________ of the decimal point: ; or
c/ between a non-zero number and the __________
_________ : 10.
non-zero
significant
right
right
decimal
point
Ex:
number
# sig. figs.
# sig. fig.
5.3
6.6070
202900
3.00 x 108
0.008 40
0.67
40. 2 5 4 3 1 1 2 2

6. B. Sig. figs. when multiplying or dividing:
answer has
the _________
number of
sig. figs., in this
case: ____
____ sig. figs. 3
lower
3.73 x 5.7 = 21 2
____ sig. figs. 2
C. Sig. figs. when adding or subtracting: 3
18.541
+106.6
125.1
___ decimal places 1
lower
answer has the _________
number of ___________________ ,
in this case: ____
decimal places 1

7. II. Standard Scientific Notation:
A. Moving the decimal point to left
exponent is
___________
b/c number
is _____ 1 5
= 6.16 x 10
positive
Shift ______
to here by
___ places
left
>
________ decimal pt.
implied 5
B. Moving the decimal point to right
exponent is
___________
b/c number
is _____ 1 -3
= 7.0 x 10
negative
Shift ______ to here by ___ places
right
< 3

8. Ex: Convert to standard scientific notation
number
scientific notation
43000
0.0290
2012
0.5 80
80.
4.3 x 104
2.90 x 10-2
2.012 x 103
5 x 10-1
8 x 101
8.0 x 101

9. Units: In Regents Physics, we almost
always use the _____ (International System)
metric system. The ___________________ ,or
most basic, units in this system are: SI
fundamental
quantity
unit
abbrev-
iation
length
meter
current
ampere
time
second
mass
kilogram m A s kg
"mAsk"
The abbreviations spell _______________ (almost)

11. Prefixes: see PhysRT, pg. ____ at ___________
In all calculations, any prefix symbol on an
SI unit must first be removed. 1
bottom
Ex: d = 15 nm rewrite as: d = 15 x _____ m
prefix _________
represents ____
__________ for
length (meters)
with prefix
without
5.3 km
1.7 cm
2.00 ms
1.21 GW
8.6 kg
A trick b/c
kg is already
an SI unit

13. Prefixes: see PhysRT, pg. ____ at ___________
In all calculations, any prefix symbol on an
SI unit must first be removed. 1
bottom
Ex: d = 15 nm rewrite as: d = 15 x _____ m
10-9
SI unit
prefix _________
represents ____
symbol
__________ for
length (meters)
10-9
with prefix
without
5.3 km
1.7 cm
2.00 ms
1.21 GW
8.6 kg
5.3 x 103 m
1.7 x 10-2 m
2.00 x 10-6 s
A trick b/c
kg is already
an SI unit
1.21 x 109 W
8.6 kg

14. V. Converting Units: the power of "one"
Ex: Convert 60 miles to kilometers.
Use the conversion factor: 1 mi =__________ km
This can be written as either: or
Multiplying by either of these two factors does
not change the ________________ (only the units)
because both factors equal _______ .
1.609
1 mi
1.609 km
1.609 km
1 mi
actual value
one
1.609 km
1 mi
Write: mi x _________ = km
96.54
~100 km

15. Dy VI. Slope = m = ________ Dx (x2, y2) = (x1, y1) = ( , ) Steps:
1. Draw a best fit line
using a __________
Use two points on the
line to calculate m:
Steps:
1. Draw a best fit line
using a __________
Use two points on the
line to calculate m:
(x2, y2) =
( , )
ruler
8 32 40 30
m = Dy = Dx
= ________ =
y2 – y1
x2 – x1 20
32 - 5
8 - 1 10
(x1, y1) = ( , )
1 5
3.9 2 4 6 8

16. In PhysRT: