1. Sentence Patterns
IC = Independent Clause (can stand alone and expresses a complete thought)
DC = Dependent Clause (cannot stand alone and does not express a complete thought)

2. I. IC, ______ IC. For And Nor But Or Yet So Example:
Coordinating Conjunctions: Used to join two of the same things together.
Example:
The turtle crossed the road, and he entered the swamp.

3. II. IC; IC.
A semicolon is used to join two items that are equal, such as two complete thoughts/sentences.
Example:
The turtle crossed the road; he entered the swamp.

4. III. IC; ______, IC. However Therefore Consequently Moreover
Nevertheless
Conjunctive adverbs: Use a semicolon to join two sentences when the second one starts with a conjunctive adverb.
Example:
The turtle crossed the road; therefore, he entered the swamp.

5. IV. DC, IC. Because After Although While When/whenever Since Example:
Subordinating conjunction: Used as the first word of a dependent clause.
Example:
After the turtle crossed the road, he entered the swamp.
*Starting a sentence with the word because is ONLY acceptable using this sentence pattern!

6. V. IC DC. Because After Although While When/whenever Since Example:
Subordinating conjunction: Used as the first word of a dependent clause. Here, it its used in the middle—not beginning—of the sentence.
Example:
The turtle entered the swamp after he crossed the road.
*This is the only sentence pattern with no internal punctuation!