1. Separation Techniques
Separating the components of a mixture

2. Hand Separation
To separate mechanical mixture
Use sieve or magnet

3. Filtration
To separate mechanical mixtures of liquids from solids (not dissolved)
Residue = solid / filtrate = liquid

4. Evaporation To separate solutions of solids in liquids
Boils off the liquid – leaves the solid
Solution
Evaporating dish

5. Distillation To separate solutions of liquids in liquids
Boils off the liquid with the lower boiling point first and recaptures – recondense

6. Solvent extraction
To separate mechanical mixture of solid and solid, use solvent that dissolves one solid and leaves other (then filter) or dissolved then evaporate to get solid
or dissolved liquid or solid from liquid solution – use separatory funnel

7. Recrystallization To separate solutions of solids in liquids
Saturate a solution with warmer solvent – cools and recrystallizes – then hand separate or filter.

8. Gravity Separation
To separate solids based on their different densities.

9. Paper, column and thin layer chromatography
To separate 2 or more solids from solid in liquid solutions that can be colored.