1. Political Parties, Candidates, and Campaigns: Defining the Voter’s Choice
Chapter 8

2. Party Competition and Majority Rule: The History of U.S. Parties
The first parties
Federalists
Republicans
Republicans transform into Democrats
Andrew Jackson & grassroots parties
Dependent upon voter support
Democrats vs. Whigs
© 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

3. Party Competition and Majority Rule: The History of U.S. Parties
Republicans vs. Democrats
Enduring two-party system since Civil War
Partisan realignments during crises
© 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

4. Party Competition and Majority Rule: The History of U.S. Parties
Process of realignment
Issues  disruption of existing political order
Election  shift in support
© 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

5. Party Competition and Majority Rule: The History of U.S. Parties
Process of realignment
Stronger party  major change in policy
Dominant party  lasting impact on policy
© 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

6. Party Competition and Majority Rule: The History of U.S. Parties
History of realignments
Civil War—Republicans gain control
1896—Republicans solidify control
1932—Democrats gain control
© 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

7. Party Competition and Majority Rule: The History of U.S. Parties
Today’s party alignment
Republicans
Dominant in South
Conservative stance on social issues, domestic spending
Frequently on cusp of political dominance since 1968
© 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

8. Party Competition and Majority Rule: The History of U.S. Parties
Today’s party alignment
Democrats
Dominant in Northeast
Liberal on social issues and domestic spending
Less dominant party since 1968
© 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

9. Party Competition and Majority Rule: The History of U.S. Parties
Parties and the vote
Strength of party identification
Rarity of true independents
Prospective voting vs. retrospective voting
© 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

10. Electoral and Party Systems
Single-member-district system
Policies & coalitions in two-party system
Seeking the center
Party coalitions
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11. Electoral and Party Systems
Minor (third) parties
Single-issue parties
Factional parties
Ideological parties
Reform parties?
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12. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Party Organization
Weakening of party organizations
Primary election/direct primary
Decline in patronage
© 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

13. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Party Organization
Structure & role of party organizations
Local party organizations
State party organizations
© 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

14. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Party Organization
Structure & role of party organizations
National party organizations
Structure of the national parties
The parties and money
Hard money/soft money
527 groups
© 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

15. Candidate-Centered Campaign
Campaign funds: money chase
Organization and strategy: hired guns
Candidate packaging
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16. Candidate-Centered Campaign
Voter contacts: pitched battles
Air wars
Ground wars
Web wars
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17. Parties, Candidates, Public’s Influence
Stronger relationships between voters and representatives
Weaker relationships between voters and representative institutions
© 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

18. Parties, Candidates, Public’s Influence
Candidate-centered campaigns add flexibility
Candidate-centered campaigns decrease accountability
© 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.