1. Animal Nutrition
Ch 41 notes

2. Need to Feed Nutrition – Food being taken in, taken apart, taken up
Herbivore
Carnivore
Omnivore
Must balance consumption, storage, and use of food

3. Essential Nutrients
Animals must get basic building blocks through food – Macromolecules
Essential nutrients – animal cells require but can’t make on their own – get from diet
-Include amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, minerals

4. Food Processing Ingestion – act of eating
Digestion – break down into small molecules to absorb (lots of enzymes used)
Absorption – cells take up small molecules
Elimination – undigested food goes out

5. Intracellular Digestion
Simplest compartment
Cell engulfs food by phagocytosis
Food vacuole hydrolyzes food using a lysosome
Seen in sponges

6. Extraceullar Digestion
Most animals
Compartment continuous with outside world
Lets them eat bigger food

7. Gastrovascular Cavity
Single opening
Used for digestion and distribution of food
Digestive enzymes break up food, cells take it in and rest occurs intracellularly
Cnidarians, Hydra

8. Complete Digestive Tract
Alimentary Canal
Food moves in single direction
Lots of special compartments

9. Mammalian Digestive System
Peristalsis – contraction and relaxation of muscles to move food through
Sphincters – valves that open and close between compartments