1. Eleventh step for Learning C++ Programming
Template

2. We already know linked lists as data structures:
Generic Programming
We already know linked lists as data structures:
class ListOfInt { public: int data; ListOfInt * next; };
class ListOfDouble { public: double data; ListOfDouble * next; };
So far we have to create for every datatype a separate ListOf[Datatype] definition
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3. Templates offer a convenient way to overcome this problem:
Class Templates
Templates offer a convenient way to overcome this problem:
template <class TYPE> class ListOf { public: TYPE data; ListOf<TYPE> * next; };
Example is in file linkedList_generic.cpp
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4. Both forms are identical
Template Declaration
General form of Template declaration: template <class identifier> class_definition; or template <typename identifier> class_definition;
Both forms are identical
In the class definition identifier is some form of placeholder that can be used at positions, where we expect some type specification
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5. [ practice 1 Function Template ]

6. [ explain 1 Function Template ]

7. [ practice 2 Type Inference ]

8. [ explain 2 Type Inference ]

9. [ practice 3 Template Specialization ]

10. [ explain 3 Template Specialization ]

11. Weird Template
template <long N> class Factorial { public: long Value(void) { return N * fn_1.Value(); } private: Factorial<N-1> fn_1; }; template <> class Factorial<0> { public: long Value(void) { return 1; } };
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