1. The Persian Wars
Chapter 7
Lesson 3 and 4

2. Persian wars Darius Battle of Marathon
Persia – largest and most powerful empire at this time
Ionia – 520 BC - Persia conquered the Greek city- states in Asia Minor and some Aegean islands
Ionia asked the Greeks for help!
Darius
King of Persia
Attacked Greece for helping Ionia
Battle of Marathon
Greek victory after Persians split their forces
Caught them unprepared

3. Land and Sea Battles Battle of Thermopylae Battle of Salamis
Triremes – Greek warships
Xerxes – King of Persia, son of Darius
Attacked Greece
Battle of Thermopylae
Greeks held off the Persians for 3 days; gave Athens time to prepare
Battle of Salamis
Athens was abandoned – people went to Salamis- an island – there the Greeks forced the Persians into a naval battle and defeated them
Athens- superior navy

4. Delian League Pericles
Defense league of Greek city-states allied against the Persians in case they attack again
Once entered, you cannot leave
Run by Athens
Navy was built and manned by Athens
Paid for by other city-states
Athens used the league to create the Athenian Empire
Pericles
Athenian General – made Athens great – rebuilt Athens with $ from the Delian league
Parthenon – Temple of the Goddess Athena
Long Walls – built to protect the road between Athens and the seaport Piraeus
Arts and culture flourished under Pericles rule

5. Decline of the City-States
Decline of Athens
Other city-states resented Athens power
Peloponnesian War
30 years of fighting between Athens and Sparta
Sparta Won
Athens becomes weak and never regains its power
Lost ¼ its population to war and plague
Decline of the City-States
All of Greece was weakened by the Peloponnesian War
Sparta rules it to harsh
Thebes – overthrew Sparta, but was just as harsh
Philip II of Macedonia
Conquers Greece in 338 BC