1. Word Stress - Guidelines
read: Roach Chapter 10
We first ask: is the word simple, complex or compound?

2. Word Stress - Guidelines
Simple
Complex
Compound:

3. Word Stress - Guidelines
Simple : one morpheme: enter, deny, return, cotton, potato
Complex
Compound

4. Word Stress - Guidelines
Simple : one morpheme: enter, deny, return, cotton, potato
Complex : bound or unbound stem with bound morphemes (affixes: prefixes or suffixes): singer, goodness, unlock, capable, conversation
Compound

5. Word Stress - Guidelines
Simple : one morpheme: enter, deny, return, cotton, potato
Complex : bound or unbound stem with bound morphemes (affixes: prefixes or suffixes): singer, goodness, unlock, capable, conversation
Compound: more than one unbound morpheme: greenhouse, handbag, overcast, whitewash

6. Word Stress - Guidelines
Simple: complicated rules, many exceptions
Complex: fairly simple and fixed rules
(see Roach)
Compound: fairly simple rules, not many exceptions (see Roach)

7. Word Stress - Guidelines
Simple: complicated rules, many exceptions
I know of no simple or exceptionless set of rules, but try googling “word stress”:

8. 1. SIMPLE WORDS We have to consider the following:
the phonological structure of the syllable
the number of syllables
the grammatical category

9. 1. SIMPLE WORDS Phonological structure: 'heavy' and 'light' syllables
A 'heavy' syllable
contains a long (tense) vowel or a diphthong OR
ends in more than one consonant.
Otherwise the syllable is light.

10. 1. SIMPLE WORDS

11. 1. SIMPLE WORDS

12. 1. SIMPLE WORDS

13. 1. SIMPLE WORDS

14. Word Stress - Guidelines
Simple : one morpheme: enter, deny, return, cotton, potato
Complex : bound or unbound stem with bound morphemes (affixes: prefixes or suffixes): singer, goodness, unlock, capable, conversation
Compound: more than one unbound morpheme: greenhouse, handbag, overcast, whitewash

15. 2. Complex Words Roach, Chapter 11
Unclear distinction, not always useful
legal – illegal
lawful – unlawful

16. 2. Complex Words: suffixes
Roach, Chapter 11
stem + affix (prefix, infix, suffix)
Is the affix productive (=common, can be applied to new words) ?

17. 2. Complex Words: suffixes
Roach, Chapter 11
Suffixes:
Have no effect:
comfort + able, wonder + ful
-age, -al, -en, -ing, - ish

18. 2. Complex Words: suffixes
Roach, Chapter 11
Suffixes:
Have no effect
Effect the stress-pattern
Take the stress themeselves

19. 2. Complex Words: suffixes
Roach, Chapter 11
Suffixes:
Have no effect
Effect the stress-pattern
Take the stress themeselves

20. 2. Complex Words: suffixes
Roach, Chapter 11
Suffixes:
Have no effect
comfort - able, wonder - ful
-age, -al, -en, -ing, - ish

21. 2. Complex Words: suffixes
Roach, Chapter 11
Suffixes:
Have no effect
Effect the stress-pattern.
attract the stress to the syllable before the suffix
photo - graphy, perfect – ion, tranquil – ity
-eous, -ious, -ial, -ic, -ive

22. 2. Complex Words: suffixes
Roach, Chapter 11
Suffixes:
Have no effect
Effect the stress-pattern
Take the stress themeselves
refugee, mountaineer, Portuguese, cigarette, picturesque

23. 3. Complex words: two stems
Roach, Chapter 11
suitcase, sunrise, toothbrush
tooth-brush, car-ferry, hay-fever,
Web page, hay fever, summer time

24. 3. Complex words: two stems
Roach, Chapter 11
Variable stress
it’s upstairs, an upstairs bedroom
he’s bad-tempered, a bad-tempered man

25. 3. Complex words: two stems
Roach, Chapter 11
Word-class pairs, p110
insult, objet, protest, record