1. Reflux in foot veins is associated with venous toe and forefoot ulceration 
Paul S. van Bemmelen, MD, PhD, Daniel Spivack, MD, Patrick Kelly, RVT 
Journal of Vascular Surgery 
Volume 53, Issue 2, Pages (February 2011)
DOI: /j.jvs
Copyright © 2011 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

2. Fig 1
The four segments of superficial foot veins that were examined. In addition, plantar veins on the medial aspect of the foot were interrogated.
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jvs )
Copyright © 2011 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

3. Fig 2
A Caucasian patient with hyperpigmentation of the forefoot demonstrating white atrophy of the skin at the base of the second to fourth toes. The ulcer base on the dorsum of the second toe is fibrous with minimal fibrinous exudate.
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jvs )
Copyright © 2011 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

4. Fig 3
African American patient with ulcer at the base of the second toe. The ulcer is surrounded by hyperpigmentation and pseudo-Kaposi sarcoma was histologically confirmed.
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jvs )
Copyright © 2011 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

5. Fig 4
Histologic findings in biopsies taken from the edge of the ulcer lesions: hemosiderin (arrow A), extravasation of red cells (arrow B), capillary proliferation.
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jvs )
Copyright © 2011 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions