1. THE PERIODIC TABLE
By B. Blacher/P. Boubion

2. What information can be found in this box?

3. ATOMIC NUMBER
CHEMICAL SYMBOL C
CHEMICAL NAME Carbon
ATOMIC MASS

4. C equals the number of protons in an atom. Carbon 12.001
ATOMIC NUMBER
equals the number of protons in an atom. C
Carbon
12.001

5. C 6 equals the number of protons + neutrons Carbon 12.001
ATOMIC MASS 6
equals the number of protons + neutrons C
Carbon
12.001
12 = 6 protons + 6 neutrons

6. 6
Review C
Carbon
12.001
CHEMICAL SYMBOL - letter or letters representing an element.
CHEMICAL NAME name of element.
ATOMIC NUMBER the number of protons in the nucleus.
ATOMIC MASS number of protons plus the number of neutrons.

7. ANATOMY OF AN ATOM

8. ATOMIC NUMBER N
Nitrogen
14.001

9. ATOMIC NUMBER O
Oxygen
16.00

10. ATOMIC NUMBER F
Fluorine
19.00

11. ATOMIC NUMBER Ne
Neon
20.18

12. How are the Periodic table and a data table alike?

13. PERIOD- a row indicates the number of energy levels or electron shells.1 2 3 4 5 6 7

14. PERIOD 1 1 2 3 PERIOD 2 4 5 PERIOD 3 6 7 PERIOD 4 PERIOD 5 PERIOD 6He
PERIOD 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Fr
PERIOD 7 Rn
PERIOD 6 Xe
PERIOD 5 Ne
PERIOD 2 Kr
PERIOD 4 Ar
PERIOD 3

15. GROUP NUMBER- a column on the periodic table; also known as a family. 1 18 2 13 14 15 16 17 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
GROUP NUMBER- a column on the periodic table; also known as a family.
Indicates how many electrons in the outer shell. All members of a family react similarly to one another

16. GROUP NUMBER- a column on the periodic table; also known as a family. IA
VIIIB
An alternate method:
IIA
IIIB
IVB VB
VIB
VIIB
IIIA
IVA VA
VIA
VIIA
VIIIA IB
IIB
GROUP NUMBER- a column on the periodic table; also known as a family.
Indicates how many electrons in the outer shell. All members of a family react similar to one another

17. Let’s review:
GROUPS are columns of families
PERIODS are rows

18. Why are these elements grouped together?
Elements in the same family or group have similar properties...
GROUPS are columns of families

19. ALKALI METALS FAMILY GROUP IA 2H2O + 2Na  2NaOH + H2 Lithium
1 valence electron
Lithium
Never found uncombined in nature.
2H2O + 2Na  2NaOH + H2
Reacts violently with water to form heat + Hydrogen gas + alkali (OH containing compound)
Sodium hydrogen
Hydroxide gas
Soft enough to cut with
a knife
Shiny.

20. ALKALI EARTH METALS FAMILY
GROUP IIA
Beryllium
Second most reactive metals.
Never found uncombined in nature.
Fairly hard.
Good conductors of electricity.
2 valence electrons
Magnesium alloy
Beryllium-Copper spring
Calcium in bones

21. METALLOIDS Found on both sides of zig zag line
Share properties of both metals & non-metals.
Dull or shiny.
Ductile & malleable.
Conducts heat & electricity, but not as well as metals.
Silicon
wafer
arsenic
silicon
tellurium

22. NON-METALS GROUPS IVB - VIIIB
17 elements located to the right of the zigzag line + Hydrogen
Tend to gain valence electrons.
Physical properties are opposite those of metals.
Dull in appearance.
Poor conductors of heat and electricity
Usually gain or share electrons & Readily form compounds.
helium
Carbon (charcoal)
neon
Sulfur
krypton
iodine

23. HALOGENS GROUP VIIB HF HCl HBr All but one are non-metals.
7 valence electrons
Gains or share 1 electron when it reacts.
All are very reactive; usually harmful to humans.
Many acids contain halogens:
Rock containing
Fluorine
Iodine
Iodine
Chlorine
bleach HF
Hydrofluoric
acid
HCl
Hydrochloric
acid
HBr
Hydrobromic
acid

24. NOBLE OR INERT GASES GROUP VIIIB Chemically stable & non-reactive.
Have a filled outer shell.
Do not form compounds or react with other elements.
helium
neon
krypton
argon
neon

25. RARE-EARTH METALS plutonium neodymium cerium uranium
LANTHANIDES SERIES
Soft.
Malleable.
Good conductors.
Used to make alloys.
ACTINIDES SERIES
Metals.
Radioactive.
Nucleus very unstable.
Many are synthetic.
plutonium
neodymium
cerium
uranium

26. Let’s review the families
Alkali metals
Alkali metals
Alkali earth metals
Transition metals
Rare earth metals
Halogens
Noble / inert gases
Metalloids
Non-metals
Non-metals
Noble / inert gases
Alkali earth metals
Metalloids
Halogens
Transition metals
Rare earth metals

27. Which element is in a class by itself?
Why?
The answer is
Like Group 1:
It has 1 valence electron
Is it :
Hydrogen
Hydrogen
Helium
Gold
Platinum?
Unlike Group 1, it is a non metal.
Its most common isotope has no neutrons