1. European Exploration

2. The Renaissance Transformed Europe….

4. During the 15th and 16th centuries,
Europeans began to explore the unknown and claim and conquer new territories previously unknown.
Why then?
Why at all?

5. The Vikings…
And other individuals had done it, but why now a systematic, organized movement?

6. Effect: Europeans began exploring

7. Europeans began exploring
Effect:
Europeans began exploring

9. Portugal Takes Lead
Portuguese ships had sailed along African coast, trading for gold, salt, ivory and slaves
Prince Henry the Navigator built schools for ship design, sailing, and navigation

10. Prince Henry Goals Drive Muslims out of Africa; aid Prester John
Take control of slave trade
Secure trade routes to Asia

11. First to Reach Tip
Portuguese captain Bartolomeu Dias first to reach Cape of Good Hope 1488
Vasco Da Gama rounded Cape and made it to India 1498
Portugal dominated African routes

12. Christopher Columbus Italian, devised plan to sail West to reach Asia
Spain's Ferdinand & Isabella became patrons
“Discovered” the “Indies” 1492
Subsequent voyages inspired others

13. Spanish-Portuguese Rivalry
Columbus claims Indies for Spain
Treaty of Tordesillas draws line of demarcation between Spain and Portugal in New World -1493
Pedro Cabral claims Brazil for Portugal
Magellan’s crew circumnavigates world for Spain
Amerigo Vespucci sails New World for Portugal

14. Portugal Develops African trade routes
Assumes control of African slave trade
Developed Brazil sugar plantations
Establish Triangular Trade Routes and Middle Passage

15. Spanish and Others Began Exploring New World

17. Conquistadors’ Quest for 3 Gs

18. Balboa
Claims Pacific for Spain 1513

19. Ponce De Leon Landed in Florida 1513 Founded St. Augustine
Fountain of Youth???

20. Hernando Cortes Conquered Aztecs
And overthrew Montezuma with couple of hundred men in 1519
How???

21. Francisco Pizarro Overthrew Atahualpa and conquered Incas 1531-33
How???

22. DeSoto

23. Francisco Coronado

24. Columbian Exchange

25. Impact of Spanish Exploration
Introduction of horses, cows, sheep, pigs, etc
Columbian Exchange
Missions established for “education” of Indians
Encomienda system established to enslave Indians
African slavery expanded when Indian slavery failed

26. Impact continued
Spanish language and culture dominate American southwest
Mestizo population develops
Spain becomes richest country in world due to stolen gold, metals and jewels
Millions of Indians die
Aztec and Inca civilizations destroyed
Spanish “Black Legend”

27. Salvador Dali’s “Discovery of America”