1. Natural “Helper” Cells in the Lung: Good or Bad Help?
Shigeo Koyasu, Kazuyo Moro 
Immunity 
Volume 36, Issue 3, Pages (March 2012)
DOI: /j.immuni
Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
Distinct Types of “Helper” Cells in Innate and Adaptive Immunity
NK cells, Th2 cell-type innate lymphocytes such as NH cells, and RORγ+ LTi-related cells seem to play distinct roles in innate immune responses by producing Th1, Th2, and Th17 cell-type cytokines, respectively. Such subsets correspond to Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells in adaptive immunity. Both FALC NH cells and lung NH cells produce large amounts of IL-5 and IL-13 but not IL-4. However, the cytokine requirements for the production of IL-5 and IL-13 are different between FALC NH cells and lung NH cells in that lung NH cells require costimulation by IL-2, IL-7, or TSLP in order to respond to IL-33. Isolated lung NH cells do not respond to IL-25 but IL-25 is able to activate lung NH cells in vivo, indicating the presence of a costimulatory cytokine(s) in the lung tissue. NH cells are observed in various tissues including bone marrow and liver in addition to mesentery and lung.
Immunity  , DOI: ( /j.immuni )
Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions