1. Synergistic effect of chondroitin sulfate and cyclic pressure on biochemical and morphological properties of chondrocytes from articular cartilage 
G. Sharma, M.Sc., R.K. Saxena, Ph.D., P. Mishra, Ph.D. 
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 
Volume 16, Issue 11, Pages (November 2008)
DOI: /j.joca
Copyright © 2008 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
Effect of CS treatment and cyclic stimulations on DNA content and cell number of chondrocytes, (a) control cells (without cyclic pressure and no CS), (b) CS 100μg/ml, (c) cyclic pressure 1.2MPa, (d) CS 100μg/ml+cyclic pressure 1.2MPa, (e) cyclic pressure 2.4MPa, and (f) CS 100μg/ml+cyclic pressure 2.4MPa (data expressed as mean±SD of seven independent experiments, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 in comparison to control).
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  , DOI: ( /j.joca )
Copyright © 2008 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
Effect of CS treatment and cyclic stimulations on GAG content of chondrocytes in CM and FRM (the GAG content of culture medium has been shown in inset). (a) Control cells (without cyclic pressure and no CS), (b) CS 100μg/ml, (c) cyclic pressure 1.2MPa, (d) CS 100μg/ml+cyclic pressure 1.2MPa, (e) cyclic pressure 2.4MPa, and (f) CS 100μg/ml+cyclic pressure 2.4MPa (data expressed as mean±SD of seven independent experiments, ***P<0.001, **P<0.01, *P<0.05, NS: not significant, in comparison to control). Inset shows absolute value of GAG content in culture medium under similar groups and similar set of conditions.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  , DOI: ( /j.joca )
Copyright © 2008 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
Effect of CS treatment and cyclic stimulations on collagen content of chondrocytes in CM, FRM and medium, (a) control cells (without cyclic pressure and no CS), (b) CS 100μg/ml, (c) cyclic pressure 1.2MPa, (d) CS 100μg/ml+cyclic pressure 1.2MPa, (e) cyclic pressure 2.4MPa, and (f) CS 100μg/ml+cyclic pressure 2.4MPa (data expressed as mean±SD of seven independent experiments, ***P<0.001, **P<0.01, *P<0.05, NS: not significant, in comparison to control).
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  , DOI: ( /j.joca )
Copyright © 2008 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

5. Fig. 4
Effect of CS treatment and cyclic stimulations on protease specific activity (units tyrosine/mg protein) of chondrocytes in CM and FRM. (a) Control cells (without cyclic pressure and no CS), (b) CS 100μg/ml, (c) cyclic pressure 1.2MPa, (d) CS 100μg/ml+cyclic pressure 1.2MPa, (e) cyclic pressure 2.4MPa, and (f) CS 100μg/ml+cyclic pressure 2.4MPa (data expressed as mean±SD of seven independent experiments ***P<0.001, **P<0.01, in comparison to control). Inset shows absolute value of protease activity under similar groups and similar set of conditions.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  , DOI: ( /j.joca )
Copyright © 2008 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

6. Fig. 5
TEM images of goat articular cartilage chondrocytes in alginate bead at day 3 in DMEM containing 10% FBS. (a) Control cell, without cyclic pressure and without CS supplementation (inset at 4400× showing round cells without pericellular matrix), (b) cells treated with CS, round cells, increased granular matrix, cage like matrix organization showing delineation between CM and FRM (inset at 4400× shows round and elliptical cells), (c) cells treated with CS and cyclic pressure 1.2MPa, showing elliptical shape, intracellular bodies, discontinuous cell membrane (inset at 4400× shows mixed population of elliptical and round cells, rich pericellular matrix content), (d) cells treated with CS and cyclic pressure 2.4MPa, showing more elliptical morphology, abundant pericellular matrix, rich cell–matrix sites (inset at 1100× shows chondrocytes with high pericellular matrix and elliptical shape). (a–d) at 11,000×, bar=2μm.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage  , DOI: ( /j.joca )
Copyright © 2008 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions