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Chapter 12
Middle Adulthood
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Key Terms
climacteric
“empty nest” syndrome
generativity
hot flashes
identity accommodation
menopause
middle adulthood
midlife crisis
reproductive health
sandwich generation
sexuality
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Definition
The period of development after the early adult years but before retirement
Between 40 and 60 years of age
Some theorists suggest that developmental changes are gradual and progressive, but others express the concept of passing through distinct stages
See Lifespan Considerations
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Developmental Tasks
Generativity
Stagnation
Maintaining a positive self-image is important
Identity accommodation
Effect of the spouse or significant other on continued development and life stability is important
See Figure 12-1.
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Challenges
Maintaining optimum cognitive functioning is necessary
Adjusting to changes in relationships
Continue their education
Marital separation, divorce, major illness or injury, loss of income, or unplanned pregnancy
“Empty nest” syndrome
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Midlife Crisis
May grieve lost youth and missed opportunities
May start to engage in behaviors that are atypical for their character
See Figure 12-2.
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7. The Sandwich Generation
Must handle increased financial and emotional responsibilities related to their children and their older, and possibly dependent, parents
A fulfilling marriage will help validate positive self-esteem
Divorce, separation, conflicts with adult children or aging parents may have negative impact on psychological functioning
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Sexuality
Often focused on career goals and financial stability, little time or energy may be set aside to fulfill sexual needs
Options for sexual lifestyles for the single person
Gradual hormonal changes
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Reproductive Health
Climacteric
Complex interactions exist among sex hormones, physiology, and physical and emotional well-being
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Women's Health
Menopause
Hot flashes
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapy
See Boxes 12-1 and 12-2.
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Men's Health
Sexual concerns
Male climacteric involves a gradual decline in the blood concentration of testosterone
Testosterone-replacement therapy
See Box 12-2.
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Physical Activity
Maintain fitness and avoid disease
Social outlet for an otherwise isolated person
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Teaching Techniques
Stress can inhibit or motivate learning
Incorporate the independence and competencies of the adult learner
Provide information that coincides with the concerns and stresses
See Table 12-1 and Figure 12-3.
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