1. Early Colonies Have Mixed Success
Section 1
Early Colonies Have Mixed Success
Two early English colonies failed, but Jamestown survived—partly through individual effort and hard work.
NEXT

2. Early Colonies Have Mixed Success1
SECTION
Early Colonies Have Mixed Success
The English Plan Colonies
• After defeat of Spanish Armada, England focuses on colonizing Americas
• English geographer Richard Hakluyt urges England to start a colony
- colonies would provide market for English exports
- colonies would serve as source of raw materials
- colonies would establish Protestant faith in Americas
Continued . . .
NEXT

3. • English colonists go to Americas to: - seek economic opportunity 1
SECTION
continued The English Plan Colonies
• English colonists go to Americas to:
- seek economic opportunity
- escape religious persecution
NEXT

4. Two Early Colonies Fail1
SECTION
Two Early Colonies Fail
• Sir Walter Raleigh begins colony on Roanoke Island, Virginia (1585)
• Native Americans stop colonists’ food supply; survivors return to England
• 2nd Roanoke colony begins (1587); colonists disappear; reason unknown
• Sagadahoc colony begins (1607); face hardships, return to England
Map
NEXT

5. 1
SECTION
Financing a Colony
• Sir Walter Raleigh is only person who finances colony at Roanoke
Image
• When colony fails, he loses his investment
• To raise money for colonies, turn to the joint-stock company
• Company is backed by investors
• Each investor receives pieces of company ownership
• Investors split profits, divide losses
Continued . . .
NEXT

6. • Organize Virginia Company of London, Virginia Company of Plymouth1
SECTION
continued Financing a Colony
• Organize Virginia Company of London, Virginia Company of Plymouth
• Given charter—government contract; holder has right to establish colony
NEXT

7. Jamestown Is Founded in 1607
SECTION
Jamestown Is Founded in 1607
• Virginia Company of London finances expedition to Chesapeake Bay
• Expedition starts Jamestown settlement
• Settlers face disease, harsh weather
• Settlers incorrectly told they would find gold, waste time searching
NEXT

8. Jamestown Grows 1 • By January 1608, only 38 colonists remain alive
SECTION
Jamestown Grows
• By January 1608, only 38 colonists remain alive
• John Smith establishes colonial discipline, trade with Powhatan tribe
• 800 more settlers arrive (1609), face hardships, only 60 survive
• More settlers arrive (1610); governor Lord De La Warr imposes discipline
• Colonists learn to grow tobacco; product becomes popular in England
• Colonists become employees of Virginia Company, want share of profits
Continued . . .
NEXT

9. • Virginia Company lets settlers own land 1
SECTION
continued Jamestown Grows
• Virginia Company lets settlers own land
• Population of Virginia jumps from about 600 (1619) to over 2,000 (1621)
• Indentured servants arrive:
- they sell their labor to person who pays their passage
- after a few years, they are free to farm or take up a trade
• Colonists annoyed with strict rule of governor, want more local control
• Set up House of Burgesses—first representative assembly in American colonies
Image
NEXT

10. Conflicts with the Powhatan1
SECTION
Conflicts with the Powhatan
• As more settlers take land, relations with Powhatan tribe grow worse
• To improve relations, John Rolfe marries chief’s daughter, Pocahontas
• Uneasy peace; colonists learn to grow corn, catch fish from Powhatan
• Expanding plantations cause Powhatan to kill many settlers (1622)
NEXT

11. 1
SECTION
Bacon’s Rebellion in 1676
• By 1670s, one-fourth of white men in English colonies are indentured servants
• They resent wealthy landowners
• Nathaniel Bacon accuses Governor William Berkeley of favoring wealthy
• Demands Berkeley to approve war against Native Americans to seize land
• Berkeley’s refusal sparks Bacon’s Rebellion (1676)
Image
Continued . . .
NEXT

12. • Bacon, followers take control of House of Burgesses; burn Jamestown1
SECTION
continued Bacon’s Rebellion in 1676
• Bacon, followers take control of House of Burgesses; burn Jamestown
• Bacon dies; Berkeley hangs Bacon’s followers
• House of Burgesses pass laws:
- prevent governor from taking so much power
NEXT