1. Networked Information Resources
Serial crisis, electronic publishing

2. Serials pricing crisis

3. Source, (Savenije, 2004) The SPARC initiative: a catalyst for change,
available at

4. An inelastic market
Inelasticity market caused by the monopoly of “core journals” by commercial publishers

5. Rising cost
The proliferation of journals results in small circulation per title, which results in upward pressure on unit prices (to spread the first-copy cost)

6. Growth of serial titles
Increase in scholarly output (pressured by the academic rewarding system)
Fragmentation of knowledge (growth of specialties)

7. Growth of Serial titles Source: Association of Research Libraries

8. Pricing digital publication
The relatively high fist-copy cost and relatively low marginal or incremental costs of culture products.
Differential pricing by versioning (e.g. hardcover and paperback) to extract the most economic value

9. Added value Hypertext links to cited articles in the collection
More powerful search engines with additional features
Current awareness notification via based on bibliographic categories or keywords
Opportunity to view online articles prior to release of the site license versions
Higher resolution images than are available
(Varian, 1996)

10. Open Access Movement Electronic publish reform movement
Open access journals: Public Library of Science , PubMed Central, Highwire Press at Stanford Library
Open Archive Initiatives (OAI)
Response from library community: SPARC (Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition)

11. Typology of e-journals
P-E journals: primarily paper based, available through electronic channels.
E-P journals: primarily distributed electronically, but may have limited distribution in paper form.
Pure e-journals
*peer-reviewed vs. self-publishing

12. The electronic publishing reform movement
Paul Ginsparg (developer of Los Alamos physics e-print server)
Stevan Harnad (Editor of Psycoloquy)
Andrew Odlyzko (bell lab, u. of Minnesota)

13. Interactive publication
Criticisms of peer-view process
Electronic journal of open peer commentary
e.g.
Behavioral and Brains Sciences
(BBS) preprint archive
subscriber's version
Psycoloquy (refereed Journal with Peer Commentary since 1990)

14. “scholarly skywriting”
For most investigators the formal submission of a manuscript for peer review is not the first stage at which it has been subjected to peer scrutiny. That is what all those prior discussions and symposia and preprints had been intended to elicit. And all this prepublication interaction is clearly continuous with the lapidary stage at which the manuscript -- usually further revised in response to peer review -- is accepted and archived in print. Nor does it really end there, for of course the literature may respond to a contribution directly or indirectly for years to come, and there are even ways of soliciting postpublication feedback in the form of "open peer commentary“ (Harnad, 1991).

15. Inescapable imperative?
“Regardless of how different research areas move into
the future, I strongly suspect that on the one- to two
decade time scale, serious research biologists will also
have moved to some form of global unified archive
system, without the current partitioning and access
restrictions familiar from the paper medium, for the
simple reason that it is the best way to communicate
knowledge, and hence to create new knowledge”
(Ginsparg, 1999)

16. Reclaim the publishing function
“The new technologies, however, are making possible easy publication journals by scholars along. It is just as easy for editors to place manuscripts of referred papers in a publicly accessible directory or preprint server as it is for them to do the same with their own preprints. (Odlyzko, 1996)”