2. Organic Compounds Carbon compounds Made by living organisms
A few carbon compounds are considered inorganic: carbon oxides, carbides, carbonates

3. Carbon
Always share electrons
Four covalent bonds

4. Organic
Hydrogen
Atoms near Carbon: nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus, halogens
Other carbon atoms – form chains, branches, rings, cage-like forms
Millions of different carbon-based compounds have been identified

5. Hydrocarbons
Contain only carbon and hydrogen
How many are there?

6. FYI Cracking Break large chains of hydrocarbons
Process: absence of oxygen
needs a catalyst
Gasoline
Plastic products
films
synthetic fabrics

7. One Example

9. Recall Types of Covalent Bonds

10. Methane CH4

11. Saturated Hydrocarbons All single bonds

12. Isomers
Two or more compounds with the same molecular formula but different molecular structures.
How many ways can you arrange C4H10?

13. Structural Isomers of Butane
C4H10

14. FYI Stereoisomers

15. FYI Chirality

16. Saturated Isomers
Propane C2H Are there any isomers?

17. Pentane C5H12
Draw all the isomers.

18. Isomers of Pentane

19. Naming Isomers of Pentane

20. Shorthand Isomers

21. Start with butane Replace one H with Cl
1-chlorobutane

22. Start with butane Replace one H with Cl
2-chlorobutane

23. Start with butane Replace one H with Cl
4-chlorobutane

24. Start with Butane Replace one H with Cl and another with Br
4-bromo-1-chlorobutane

25. Practice: Draw and Name
Start with Butane
Bromine on #3
Bromine on #2 and Chlorine #3
2 bromines on #4

26. Practice
1-bromo-4-chloropentane
1-chloro-3-bromo-5-chloropentane
Name

28. Polymer: repeated unit

29. Mono and Poly Saccharide

30. Lipids (store energy) Saturated and Unsaturated Fats