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PARTII: COMPLEX ANIMALS
CHAPTER 8
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Ch 7 and 8 Outline INVERTEBRATES VERTEBRATES 7. Phylum: Arthropods
Phylum: Sponges Phylum: Stinging cell Phylum: Flatworm Phylum: Roundworm Phylum: Segmented worms Phylum: Mollusk (soft-bodied) 7. Phylum: Arthropods Class Insecta Arachnid Crustacean 8. Phylum: Echinoderms Starfish VERTEBRATES Phylum: Chordate Class Jawless Fish Cartilage Fish Bony Fish Amphibians Reptiles Birds Mammals
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Arthropods (Jointed-legs)
Invertebrate Largest phyla (3/4 of all animals on earth!!) Exoskeleton Segmented body Head Thorax Abdomen Bilateral symmetry Appendages Legs, wings, antennae Grow by molting
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1. Arthropod Class: Arachnid
8 legs ( 4 pairs) No antennae 2 body segments Spiders, scorpions, ticks
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1. Arthropod Class: Insecta
6 legs (3 pairs) 3 body segments 2 pairs of wings (most)
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1. Arthropod Class: Crustacea
Sowbug Mostly Marine animals 2 pairs of Antennae 4 pairs of walking legs Some...1 pair of “pinchers” Crab, lobster, shrimp, crayfish Crayfish
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Spiny-skin animals (a.k.a. Echinoderm)
Radial symmetry “Spines” on skin 5-part body Tube feet used for movement, feeding, attachment. Example: starfish Tube feet
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Vertebrates *(Chordates)
Backbone Endoskeleton Most complex of all animals 7 Classes of Vertebrates
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1. Jawless Fish All aquatic (live in water) Cold-blooded
Breathe with gills No jaws No scales (smooth skin) No bone Made of cartilage Ex: Lamprey parasitic Lamprey
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2. Cartilage Fish Skeleton made of Cartilage
Jaws, scales, and paired fins Examples: Sharks rays
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3. Bony Fish Largest class of fish Skeletons are made of bone
Swim bladder Fills with gas….floats Empties…sinks
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4. Amphibians Lives on water and on land (webbed feet)
Cold-blooded (may hibernate) Fertilization in water. Why? Breathe = lungs and/or gills, and thru skin Can be poisonous…(poison dart frog) Tree Frog Salamander
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5. Reptiles Dry scaly skin Cold-blooded
Terrestrial (live and reproduce on land) Eggs with shell…why important? Most have claws Anaconda killing a crocodile
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6. Birds Warm blooded Wings, beak, 2 legs Feathers Shelled eggs
No teeth…beak adapted to food Hollow bones Why important? Ostrich: World’s largest bird
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7. Mammals Warm blooded Females : mammary gland
Hair (whales and dolphins???) Develop offspring inside the body, except… Kangaroo: pouch Platypus: egg-laying
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Examples of mammals... How are whales & dolphins different than other mammals? What are their adaptations?
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