1. Environmental Science Chapters 18 & 19
Renewable Energy & Waste

2. How is Electricity Generated?
How is Electricity Generated? Energy 101

3. What is Renewable Energy?
Renewable energy is energy from sources that are constantly formed and so will NEVER run out.
Examples:
Solar Energy
Wind Energy
Moving Water
Heat from Below Earth’s Surface

4. What is Wind Energy?
Wind power, which converts the movement of wind into electricity is the fastest growing energy source in the world.
New wind turbines can be erected in less than 3 months & take up very little space.
Positive: Wind Farms are cost effective.
Negative: Electricity must be transported from rural areas where it is made to urban centers where it is needed.
Fun Fact: Scientists estimate that the windiest spots on Earth could generate 10 times the world’s current energy needs.

5. Wind Farm Video Clip
How Do Wind Farms Work?

6. TED Talk – Dreams Becoming Reality Makani Power

7. Biomass
Biomass – Plant material, manure, or any other organic matter that is used as an energy source
Examples:
Wood
Animal Dung
Methane made landfills
Alcohol from fermented fruit or agricultural wastes

8. Developing Countries use Mostly Wood, Crop Remnants, & Animal Dung Biomass

9. Disadvantages of Burning Wood and Other forms of Biomass
Habitat Loss
Soil Erosion
Air Pollution

10. Isn’t There an Easier Way to Harvest the Sun’s Endless Supply of Energy?
Go Sun Stove!!!

11. What is Geothermal Energy?
In some areas, deposits of water in the Earth’s crust is heated by magma chambers
Steam powers turbines which generate electricity
The world’s largest geothermal power plant is ‘The Geysers’ in California, which produces electricity for 1.7 million homes.

12. The Geysers in California

13. Geothermal Energy Video Clip
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14. Geothermal Power Plant

15. Smaller Renewable Energy Sources
Describes energy sources that are still small-scale.
Examples:
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC)
Hydrogen Fuel Cells
Hybrid Cars

16. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion works because water boils at low temperatures when under low pressure in a vacuum.
The disadvantage is that the current OTEC plant off the coast of Hawaii is inefficient.
This is because one-third of the power generated by the plant is used up simply to pump cold water to the surface.

17. Hydrogen Advantages: Disadvantages: Is abundant Can be burned as fuel
Is used in fuel cells (Space Shuttle)
Produces no pollution
Can produce electricity
Disadvantages:
Not currently cost effective
Can be dangerous

18. Hydrogen Fuel Cell Video Clip
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19. Energy Efficiency
The percentage of energy put into a system that does useful work
More than 40% of all commercial energy is wasted by the following:
Traditional combustion engine vehicles
Furnaces
Poorly insulated buildings
Incandescent light bulbs
The Hybrid Car is one attempt to significantly increase the energy efficiency of American culture

20. Hybrid Cars
Are the most energy efficient vehicles widely available today.
A hybrid car uses an efficient gasoline engine combined with an electric motor
They convert some of the energy generated by braking into electricity that can be stored in the battery.
The car’s computer can determine when it is possible to shut off the gasoline engine entirely, such as when the car is idling.

21. Hybrid Car Video Clip
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22. Cogeneration
Cogeneration is the production of two useful forms of energy from a single source.
An example is waste heat from an industrial furnace that can be used to power a steam turbine to produce electricity
The plant can use this electricity for its own operations or sell it to a utility company

23. Energy Conservation Means saving energy by not wasting.
Between 1975 & 1985, conservation made more energy available than all alternative fuel sources combined

24. What Can We do to Conserve Energy?
Use public transportation
Purchase a fuel efficient vehicle
Turn thermostats down (68°F) in winter & up (78°F) in summer
Insulate your home
Wash clothes in cold water
Use a microwave rather than a stove to cook small portions
Turn off lights & appliances when you leave the room
Use fluorescent bulbs
Only wash FULL LOADs in the laundry & dish washer

25. Energy Conservation Video Clip
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