1. Objective~ Understand how the chaos of the Revolution allowed
Lecture~ 3
Off With Their Heads!!!
Objective~ Understand how the chaos of the Revolution allowed
Napoleon to gain power

2. The National Convention-3rd Estate
Political demonstrations against the king
King seen as enemy/traitor
Goal: abolish the monarchy and establish a republic.

3. Marie Antoinette executed Oct. 16, 1793
Execution of Louis XVI
Beheaded on Jan. 21, 1793 by the National Convention
Marie Antoinette executed Oct. 16, 1793

4. No leader-Chaos continues
Many European states took arms against France
The Committee of Public Safety (COPS)
Goal~ save the revolution & France
Maximilien Robespierre
Reign of Terror (Sept 1793-July 1794)
Guillotine massive beheading
12 members (absolute control)

5. Reign of Terror

6. Reign of Terror… Robespierre executed Government of the Directory
Reign of Terror stops
Government of the Directory
Could not solve problems
1799 Napoleon Bonaparte seized power
Coup de etat (little bloodshed)

7. “Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity”
Individual rights
Representation
Spread of Nationalism
(intense pride in one’s country