1. מסיסות Solubility is the amount of solute that dissolves in a
specific amount of solvent at a given temperature and is
affected by the type of solvent and temperature
expressed as grams of solute per 100 grams of solvent (usually water):

2. תמיסות לא רוויות Unsaturated solutions contain less than the
Dissolved solute
Unsaturated solutions
contain less than the
maximum amount of solute.

3. תמיסות רוויות Saturated solutions contain the maximum
amount of solute that
can dissolve in the
solvent.
The rate at which the
solute dissolves equals
the rate at which the
solute forms.
Dissolved
solute
Undissolved
solute
Solute dissolves
Solute + Solvent Saturated solution
Solute crystallizes

4. תרגיל
Learning Check
At 40 C, the solubility of KBr is 80 g/100 g of H2O.
Identify the following solutions as either saturated (S)
or unsaturated (U). Explain.
g KBr is added to 200 g of water at 40 C.
g KBr is added to 50 g of water at 40 C.

5. Solution פתרון At 40 C, the solubility of KBr is 80 g/100 g of H2O.
Identify the following solutions as either saturated (S)
or unsaturated (U). Explain.
1. S 200 g KBr is added to 200 g of water at 40 C. This is the same as 100 g of KBr in 100 g of
water, which is more than the solubility of 80 g
of KBr/100 g of water at 40 C.
2. U 25 g KBr is added to 50 g of water at 40 C. This is the same as 50 g of KBr in 100 g of water, which is less than the solubility of 80 g of KBr/ g of water at 40 C.

6. מחלת הגאוט

7. המשך מחלת הגאוט
Chapter 7
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

8. מחלת הגאוט ואבנים בכליות
There are conditions in our body that result in the build up of undissolved solids in bodily fluids.
Gout occurs when uric acid crystals form in soft tissues, or in cartilage and tendons. Kidney stones form when compounds like calcium phosphate or calcium oxalate build up in the urinary tract, kidneys, urethra, or bladder.
Chapter 7
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

9. ההשפעה של הטמפרטורה על המסיסות
Solubility depends on
temperature. The solubility
of most solids increases as temperature increases
of gases decreases as temperature increases

10. ההשפעה של הלחץ על המסיסות
Henry’s law states that
the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly related to the pressure of that gas above the liquid
at higher pressures, more gas molecules dissolve in the liquid

11. ההשפעה של הלחץ החלקי של החמצן בריאות על מסיסות החמצן בדם
Oxygen dissolves into the blood at the lungs because the pressure of oxygen in the air is higher, allowing it to dissolve into the bloodstream.

12. תרגיל
Learning Check
1. Why could a bottle of carbonated drink possibly burst (explode) when it is left out in the hot sun?
2. Why do fish die in water that is too warm?

13. פתרון
Solution
1. Why could a bottle of carbonated drink possibly burst (explode) when it is left out in the hot sun?
Gases become less soluble at high temperatures and leave the solution. As pressure inside the container increases, the bottle could burst.
2. Why do fish die in water that is too warm?
Because O2 gas is less soluble in warm water, fish cannot obtain enough O2 to survive.