1. Intro to Geography: Terms/Ideas We will refer to these concepts throughout the course… if you are confused ask a question

2. What is Geography?
The study of the Earth's surface and its various climates, countries, peoples, and natural resources.
Two types of geography:
Human Geography
Physical Geography

3. Deforestation : Amazon
Human Geography
Looks at the relationships between the physical environment and the activities of humans
Iron Mines
Deforestation : Amazon

4. Human Geography Continued…
Las Vegas

5. Physical Geography Looks at the physical features of the Earth
What are some examples of physical features?

6. Mountains in Vancouver B.C.

7. 5 Themes of Geography 1.Location
Specific location- gives an exact position
A Street Address or map coordinates
Relative (general) location- where something is, in relation to somewhere or something else
By time (10 min. away) or location
Who can use the H.S. as an example?
2. Place
A description of what the place is like, rather than where it is.

8. 5 Themes Continued
3. Human/Environmental Interaction- The relationship between people and their environment, or how they work together
People adapt to the environment (list examples)
People change landscapes/environments (examples)
People depend on the environment (list examples)
Changing landscapes

9. 5 Themes Continued Culture-
characteristics of a particular group of people, defined by everything from language, religion, food, social habits, music and arts
4. Cultural Diffusion-
the spread of culture (people, goods, languages)
What promotes diffusion?
Human interaction

10. 5 Themes Continued
5. Regions- Regions are areas that can be grouped together by a set of similarities special to that region.
areas speaking the same language, or having the same religion, physical characteristics

11. What is a cartographer?
A person who makes maps.

12. How Latitude and Longitude Form the Global Grid
Latitude- a point north or south of the Equator. Lines of latitude are often referred to as parallels. Think of Climbing a ladder. Longitude- a point east or west of the Prime Meridian. Lines of longitude are often referred to as meridians.

13. The Final Result

14. Types of Maps
Thematic Maps- Maps that show a specific set of information for a particular region, or even the world.
ex. Religion, politics, etc.

15. Types of Maps Physical Maps- Maps that show the physical features
for a region.
Mountains, rivers,
lakes, etc,

16. Population Rates
Birth Rate: the number of (live) births in a specified area during a defined period for the total population. Childbirths per 1,000 people per year
How do they find the #?
Basic math- # of live births  total population and multiply by 1,000.
In 2011, there were 3,345 live births with a population of 275,019.
(3,345/275,019)*1,000= births per 1,000 people

17. Population Rates Death Rate- total number of deaths in a population
Same calculation as birth rate. (per 1,000)
# of Deaths total population and multiply by 1,000.
Infant Mortality Rate- The total number of infants’ (children below 1 year) deaths per 1000 live births.

18. Education Around The World
Literacy- Ability to read and write
Literacy Rate- Rate of the population who can read and write.
What factors determine people’s ability (or lack there of) to learn around the World?
Nation Total Lit Male Female
Rate
The Gambia 40% 48% 33%
Senegal 39% 51% 29%
Somalia 38% 50% 26%
Sierra Leone 35% 47% 24%
Benin 35% 48% 23%
Guinea 30% 43% 18%

20. 1st,2nd,3rd World Countries
1st World- Developed, capitalist, industrialized countries. Mostly western countries (U.S., Western Europe, Japan etc.). These countries are highly developed in terms of industry.

21. 1st,2nd,3rd World Countries
2nd World- Refers to the former communist-socialist, industrial states. Falls in between
1st and second world countries.

22. 1st,2nd,3rd World Countries
3rd World- Underdeveloped. Identifies countries with high infant mortality, low economic development, high levels of poverty, don’t use natural resources very well, heavy dependence on industrialized nations, and unstable governments, high rates of population growth, illiteracy, and disease.

23. Make the key to the map.
Red –
Blue-
Green-

24. Gross Domestic Product
GDP-Measure of the market value of all final goods and services produced in a country in a given period of time
Per Capita- per person