1. Ch 19/18? Business Organisations
PLC
Min 7 owners
Can sell shares to public
E.g Ryanair PLC
Benefits and negatives of Public L C
Write out from book
Write out summary in your own words on each of the types of business start with Soletraders and end with state owned businesses

2. Soletraders E.g tradesmen decisions made by them
declare their own taxes
no need to publish accounts
less likely to get loans
bears all the risk

3. Private LTD companies 1 – 50 shareholders At least 2 directors
Can’t sell shares to the public
Easons Ltd
Steps in setting up:
Rules in the companies act 1990
MOA, AOA, form A1
Founders send docs with fees to registrar of companies
Receive a cert of incorporation from registrar
Statutory meeting , Vote in BOD. Now corporate body separate from its owners.

4. Partnerships Write out definition from book min of 2 people
governed by partnership act of 1890
one general partner has unlimited liability
+ better skills and decisions and money
- share profits, liable,loans,death

5. Franchising Write out definition. E.g O’Briens sambos
E.g Mc Donalds. Same good product and service, logo worldwide.
Franchisee pays a sum at the start to open
Franchiser also gets paid royalties\%profits
Franchiser gives management and supplies

6. Question Soltrader? Partnerships? Franchise?
Private limited. Write defo out from book
Public limited
Explain differences and e.g’s

7. Franchising benefits and negatives
expand with little investment or risk
tried and tested business formula
marketing and training
little freedom for iniative
pressure to keep high standards

8. Co-operative Society Credit unions surplus funds go as dividends to us
Write out defo. E.g credit union + avonmore
common interest in set up of business
min 7 members, limited liability, one vote
Registrar of friendly services €8, ,000
Credit unions surplus funds go as dividends to us
producer co-ops develop and sell products farmers give them, helps the Irish economy
farmers in co-ops get little power, co-ops still need loans despite number of shareholders

9. Transnationals I.T and communications made it easier
Big companies, head office in one country but many branches of the company worldwide
I.T and communications made it easier
American global corporations in Ireland
e.g. Gateway, Intel etc.

10. Question + and – of franchises? Co operatives? Transnationals?
Explain differences and e.g’s

11. Positives and Negatives
Good and bad to have them in Ireland
Give jobs, new skills, Irish suppliers, pay tax, country’s reputation
Move on to cheaper places for labour and grants when grants expire
false Irish balance of trade view as profits move to places where sell goods not make.(transfer pricing). Profits repatriate back to head office

12. State Owned Enterprises
Government organisations e.g Dublin bus
give jobs, aid research, can run unprofitable and necessary services like Dublin bus for the publics needs.
Maybe overstaffed, unprofitable, poorly capitalised, poorly run
Privitisation= Sell government companies to private business people

13. Private versus Public companies
state companies arguably less concerned with money and more concerned with the general public/environment
better for a countries image, Aerlingus
Deregulation: allow new companies into a market
e.g allow valutel, worldcom, euphony into Telcom Eireanns market.
Private companies often take over state companies or add to competition through government legislation e.g Aerlingus, Eircom, Airtricity
P sum p362 set up private ltd
Memorandum and articles of association p363
Alliances p 375
P378 Changing trends

14. Conclusion
Types of business organisations include PLC, Private Ltd, sole traders, partnerships, franchises, co operatives, transnationals, state owned companies.
Know the pro s and cons of each type and of having transnationals in Ireland.
Pros and cons of private versus public companies.
Memorandums, Articles Form A1 see examples.
Why change structures? 93 notes
Privatisation and trends in structures. 92 mocks notes

15. Question + and – of transnationals? State owned?
Private versus public?
Explain differences and e.g’s