2. A complex sentence has an independent clause joined by one or more dependent clauses. A complex sentence always has a subordinating conjunction, such as because, since, after, although, or when or a relative pronoun such as that, who, or which.

3. A group of words that includes a subject or verb but is subordinate to an independent clause. Examples: When it gets dark, we will find a restaurant that has music. Because I disobeyed my parents, I cannot go to the baseball game with my friends. Since Susan has a test tomorrow, she stayed after school in the library.

4. A subordinate conjunction is a word or phrase that begins a dependent clause. Examples of subordinate conjunctions are the following: since, because, when, if, after, although, until, etc. Examples: When I get tired, I don't function as well as I normally do. Explanation: The subordinate conjunction is "when," and it begins the dependent clause "when I get tired." Since he left his money at home, we can't buy groceries. Explanation: The subordinate conjunction is "since," and it begins the dependent clause "since he left his money at home."

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6. A compound-complex sentence is made up of two (or more) independent clauses and one (or more) subordinate clause. Examples: Because we had lots of cookies, we had a party, and our guests ate the freshly baked treats. Before Sam went to the movies, he washed his car, and he mowed the grass.