1. Validity and Reliability of the Swedish Version of the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale (MSAS): An Instrument for the Evaluation of Symptom Prevalence, Characteristics, and Distress 
Maria Browall, RN, PhD, Elisabeth Kenne Sarenmalm, RN, PhD, Salmir Nasic, MSc, Yvonne Wengström, OCN, PhD, Fannie Gaston- Johansson, RN, PhD, FAAN 
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 
Volume 46, Issue 1, Pages (July 2013)
DOI: /j.jpainsymman
Copyright © 2013 U.S. Cancer Pain Relief Committee Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
Results of principal components factor analysis using the symptom scores, that is, the average of the intensity, frequency, and distress for 32 symptoms. Factor loadings are presented in the table on the left and patterns of groupings are illustrated in the plot on the right. There are two main factors that distinguish three major clusters of symptoms: GASTR (gastrointestinal symptoms), PHYS (physical symptoms), and PSYCH (psychological symptoms).
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management  , DOI: ( /j.jpainsymman )
Copyright © 2013 U.S. Cancer Pain Relief Committee Terms and Conditions