1. <month year>
doc.: IEEE <030xx>
<January 2003>
Project: IEEE P Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
Submission Title: [TG4 Review]
Date Submitted: [15 January 2003]
Source: [Pat Kinney] Company [Kinney Consulting]
Address [4097 Manor Oaks Ct, Export, PA, 15632]
Voice:[ ], FAX: [ ],
Re: [In response to the UWB call for interest.]
Abstract: [Overview of IEEE ]
Purpose: [To provide an informative TG4 baseline to the UWB call for interest.]
Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.
Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>
<author>, <company>

2. IEEE 802.15.4 Overview <month year>
doc.: IEEE <030xx>
<January 2003>
IEEE Overview
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>
<author>, <company>

3. 802.15.4 Applications Space Home Networking Automotive Networks
<month year>
doc.: IEEE <030xx>
<January 2003>
Applications Space
Home Networking
Automotive Networks
Industrial Networks
Interactive Toys
Remote Metering
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>
<author>, <company>

4. 802.15.4 Applications Topology
<month year>
doc.: IEEE <030xx>
<January 2003>
Applications Topology
Cable replacement - Last meter connectivity
Virtual Wire
Wireless Hub
Stick-On Sensor
Mobility
Ease of installation
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>
<author>, <company>

5. Some needs in the sensor networks
<month year>
doc.: IEEE <030xx>
<January 2003>
Some needs in the sensor networks
Thousands of sensors in a small space  Wireless
but wireless implies Low Power!
and low power implies Limited Range.
Of course all of these is viable is a Low Cost transceiver is required
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>
<author>, <company>

6. 802.15.4 General Characteristics
<month year>
doc.: IEEE <030xx>
General Characteristics
<January 2003>
Data rates of 250, 40, and 20 kbps.
Star or Peer-to-Peer operation.
Support for low latency devices.
CSMA-CA channel access.
Dynamic device addressing.
Fully handshaked protocol for transfer reliability.
Low power consumption.
16 channels in the 2.4GHz ISM band, 10 channels in the 915MHz ISM band and one channel in the European 868MHz band.
Extremely low duty-cycle (<0.1%)
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>
<author>, <company>

7. 802.15.4 Architecture <month year>
doc.: IEEE <030xx>
<January 2003>
Architecture
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>
<author>, <company>

8. doc.: IEEE 802.15-<030xx> Paul Gorday
<month year>
doc.: IEEE <030xx>
<January 2003>
IEEE PHY Overview
Paul Gorday
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>
<author>, <company>

9. Operating Frequency Bands
<month year>
doc.: IEEE <030xx>
<January 2003>
IEEE PHY Overview
Operating Frequency Bands
868MHz/
915MHz
PHY
Channel 0
Channels 1-10
2 MHz
868.3 MHz
902 MHz
928 MHz
2.4 GHz
PHY
Channels 11-26
5 MHz
2.4 GHz
GHz
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>
<author>, <company>

10. Packet Structure (Both PHY’s)
<January 2003>
IEEE PHY Overview
Packet Structure (Both PHY’s)
PHY Packet Fields
Preamble (32 bits) – synchronization
Start of Packet Delimiter (8 bits) – specifies one of 3 packet types
PHY Header (8 bits) – Sync Burst flag, PSDU length
PSDU (0 to 127 bytes) – Data field
Start of
Packet
Delimiter
PHY
Header
PHY Service
Data Unit (PSDU)
Preamble
6 Bytes
0-127 Bytes
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>

11. Modulation/Spreading
<month year>
doc.: IEEE <030xx>
<January 2003>
IEEE PHY Overview
Modulation/Spreading
2.4 GHz PHY
250 kbps (4 bits/symbol, 62.5 kBaud)
Data modulation is 16-ary orthogonal modulation
16 symbols are ~orthogonal set of 32-chip PN codes
Chip modulation is MSK at 2.0 Mchips/s
868MHz/915MHz PHY
40/20 kbps (1 bit/symbol, 40/20 kBaud)
Data modulation is BPSK with differential encoding
Spreading code is a 15-chip m-sequence
Chip modulation is BPSK at 0.6/0.3 Mchips/s
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>
<author>, <company>

12. IEEE 802.15.4 PHY Overview Common Parameters Transmit Power
<month year>
doc.: IEEE <030xx>
<January 2003>
IEEE PHY Overview
Common Parameters
Transmit Power
Capable of at least –3dBm
Transmit Center Frequency Tolerance
 40 ppm
Receiver Sensitivity
-85 dBm (1% Packet Error Rate)
RSSI Measurements
Packet strength indication
Clear channel assessment
Dynamic channel selection
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>
<author>, <company>

13. IEEE 802.15.4 PHY Overview PHY Primitives PHY Data Service
<January 2003>
IEEE PHY Overview
PHY Primitives
PHY Data Service
PD-DATA – exchange data packets between MAC and PHY
PHY Management Service
PLME-CCA – clear channel assessment
PLME-GET – retrieve PHY parameters
PLME-RX-ENABLE – enable/disable receiver
PLME-SET – set PHY parameters
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>

14. doc.: IEEE 802.15-<030xx> Phil Jamieson
<month year>
doc.: IEEE <030xx>
<January 2003>
IEEE MAC/LLC Overview
Phil Jamieson
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>
<author>, <company>

15. Simple but flexible protocol
<January 2003>
Protocol Drivers
Extremely low cost
Ease of installation
Reliable data transfer
Short range operation
Reasonable battery life
Simple but flexible protocol
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>

16. Example Network Network Node 4 coordinator Node 1 Node 5 Node 2 Node 6
<month year>
doc.: IEEE <030xx>
<January 2003>
Example Network
Network
coordinator
Node 4
Node 1
Node 5
An example network topology in the area of home (living room) control. A set-top-box is acting as the master with a remote, TV, DVD, lamp and curtains enumerated on the network. This has no functionality since the slaves can only talk to the master. What the consumer actually wants is to be able to control the TV, DVD, lamp and curtains using the remote. In this case there needs to be some virtual peer-to-peer links between the remote and the other devices on the network. The mechanism of creating these links is known as pairing.
Node 2
Node 6
Node 3
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>
<author>, <company>

17. Device Classes Full function device (FFD)
<month year>
doc.: IEEE <030xx>
<January 2003>
Device Classes
Full function device (FFD)
Any topology
Network coordinator capable
Talks to any other device
Reduced function device (RFD)
Limited to star topology
Cannot become a network coordinator
Talks only to a network coordinator
Very simple implementation
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>
<author>, <company>

18. Example Network FFD RFD FFD RFD RFD RFD FFD <month year>
doc.: IEEE <030xx>
<January 2003>
Example Network
FFD
RFD
FFD
RFD
An example network topology in the area of home (living room) control. A set-top-box is acting as the master with a remote, TV, DVD, lamp and curtains enumerated on the network. This has no functionality since the slaves can only talk to the master. What the consumer actually wants is to be able to control the TV, DVD, lamp and curtains using the remote. In this case there needs to be some virtual peer-to-peer links between the remote and the other devices on the network. The mechanism of creating these links is known as pairing.
RFD
RFD
FFD
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>
<author>, <company>

19. Star Topology Full function device Communications flow
<month year>
doc.: IEEE <030xx>
<January 2003>
Star Topology
Network
coordinator
Master/slave
Full function device
Communications flow
Reduced function device
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>
<author>, <company>

20. Peer-Peer Topology Full function device Communications flow
<month year>
doc.: IEEE <030xx>
<January 2003>
Peer-Peer Topology
Point to point
Cluster tree
Full function device
Communications flow
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>
<author>, <company>

21. Combined Topology Full function device Communications flow
<month year>
doc.: IEEE <030xx>
<January 2003>
Combined Topology
Clustered stars - for example,
cluster nodes exist between rooms
of a hotel and each room has a
star network for control.
Full function device
Communications flow
Reduced function device
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>
<author>, <company>

22. Device Addressing All devices have IEEE addresses
<January 2003>
Device Addressing
All devices have IEEE addresses
Short addresses can be allocated
Addressing modes:
Network + device identifier (star)
Source/destination identifier (peer-peer)
Source/destination cluster tree + device identifier (cluster tree)
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>

23. General Data Packet Structure
<January 2003>
General Data Packet Structure
Preamble sequence
Start of Packet Delimiter
PRE
SPD
LEN PC
ADDRESSING
DSN
Link Layer PDU
CRC
CRC-16
Data sequence number
Addresses according to specified mode
Flags specify addressing mode
Length for decoding simplicity
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>

24. Optional Frame Structure
<January 2003>
Optional Frame Structure
GTS 3
GTS 2
Guaranteed
Time Slot
Reserved for nodes requiring guaranteed bandwidth [n = 0].
GTS 1
15ms * 2n
where 0  n  14
Network
beacon
Transmitted by network coordinator. Contains network information,
frame structure and notification of pending node messages.
Beacon
extension
period
Space reserved for beacon growth due to pending node messages
Contention
period
Access by any node using CSMA-CA
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>

25. Traffic Types Periodic data Intermittent data
<January 2003>
Traffic Types
Periodic data
Application defined rate (e.g. sensors)
Intermittent data
Application/external stimulus defined rate (e.g. light switch)
Repetitive low latency data
Allocation of time slots (e.g. mouse)
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>

26. Data Service Originator LLC Originator MAC Recipient MAC Recipient LLC
<January 2003>
Data Service
Originator
LLC
Originator
MAC
Recipient
MAC
Recipient
LLC
MD-DATA.request
Channel
access
DATA
MD-DATA.confirm
Packet
validation
HANDSHAKE
MD-H/S.indication
MD-DATA.indication
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>

27. Management Service Access to the PIB GTS allocation Message pending
<January 2003>
Management Service
Access to the PIB
GTS allocation
Message pending
Node notification
Network scanning/start
Network synchronization/search
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>

28. MAC Summary Star and peer-to-peer topologies Optional frame structure
<January 2003>
MAC Summary
Star and peer-to-peer topologies
Optional frame structure
CSMA-CA channel access mechanism
Packet validation and message rejection
Handshake generation (for speed)
Optional guaranteed time slots
Guaranteed packet delivery
Frame fragmentation/reconstitution
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>

29. 802.15.4 PHY Specs/Values Standard Typical Units Xmit PO >-3 dBm
<month year>
doc.: IEEE <030xx>
<January 2003>
PHY Specs/Values
Standard
Typical
Units
Xmit PO
>-3
dBm
Sens.
-85/-92
-95/-97
Channels
1,10,16
Data Rate
250/ 40/20
Kb/s
Battery life
.5 - 2
years
Location Awareness no
<Pat Kinney>, <Kinney Consulting>
<author>, <company>