1. “Bow-Tie” mitral valve repair: An adjuvant technique for ischemic mitral regurgitation 
Juan P Umaña, MD, Bijan Salehizadeh, BA, Joseph J DeRose, MD, Tamanna Nahar, MD, Alan Lotvin, MD, Shunichi Homma, MD, Mehmet C Oz, MD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 66, Issue 5, Pages (November 1998)
DOI: /S (98)

2. Fig 1
Intraoperative photograph showing “bow-tie” suture through leaflets. (PMC = posteromedial commissure; ALC = anterolateral commissure; AL = anterior leaflet; PL = posterior leaflet.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (98) )

3. Fig 2
Short-axis echocardiographic view through the mitral valve (after repair).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (98) )

4. Fig 3
Comparison between preoperative (PreOp) and postoperative (PostOp) degree of mitral regurgitation and ejection fraction.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (98) )

5. Fig 4
Mitral valve force diagram. (Modified from [18].) (P is a point on the annulus; Q is the point of contact of the valve leaflets; b is the width of the valve along the y-direction; s is the leaflet-tip displacement parameter, obtained as the y-value of the leaflet attachment site P, when unrolling the leaflet along the z-axis; Fs is the pulling force of the chordae tendineae, which are attached to the papillary muscles.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (98) )