1. CRISPR/Cas9 Genome-Editing System in Human Stem Cells: Current Status and Future Prospects 
Zhao Zhang, Yuelin Zhang, Fei Gao, Shuo Han, Kathryn S. Cheah, Hung-Fat Tse, Qizhou Lian 
Molecular Therapy - Nucleic Acids 
Volume 9, Pages (December 2017)
DOI: /j.omtn
Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1 Overview of CRISPR-Cas Immune System
When EGEs invade the host, some fragments will integrate into the CRISPR loci as a new spacer casually that is co-expressed with Cas nucleases to form Cas/crRNA complexes. These complexes can identify and bind with the same EGEs during a subsequent invasion following the base complementation pairing rule and then finally break the EGEs.
Molecular Therapy - Nucleic Acids 2017 9, DOI: ( /j.omtn )
Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

3. Figure 2 Schemata of CRISPR/Cas9 Genome-Editing System
gRNA contains a variable region (red nucleotides) and a basic scaffold structure (blue nucleotides). The former is complementary with one strand of targeted genome DNA that should be adjacent to PAM (NGG, green one). The basic scaffold nucleotide is then targeted to combine and support Cas9 nuclease to generate gRNA/Cas9 complexes. Finally, the targeted genome DNA will be cut at the third nucleotide from PAM (between G and C).
Molecular Therapy - Nucleic Acids 2017 9, DOI: ( /j.omtn )
Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions