1. Opposing Effects of Antidiabetic Interventions on Malignant Growth and Metastasis 
Matthias H. Tschöp, Michael Stumvoll, Michael Ristow 
Cell Metabolism 
Volume 23, Issue 6, Pages (June 2016)
DOI: /j.cmet
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
Mitochondrial ROS and Its Upstream Modifiers in the Control of Cancer and Metastasis
Antidiabetic interventions like physical exercise and metformin induce formation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), while antioxidants like alpha-lipoic acid quench the formation of such free radicals. Likewise, and as elaborated on in the current study (Wang et al., 2016), antidiabetic DPP4-Is like Sax and Sit somehow activate the transcription factor NRF2, which in turn induces the endogenous antioxidant defense of the cell, culminating in increased metastatic capacity.
Cell Metabolism  , DOI: ( /j.cmet )
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions