1. Reducing Trunk Compensation in Stroke Survivors: A Randomized Crossover Trial Comparing Visual and Force Feedback Modalities 
Bulmaro Adolfo Valdés, MPE, Andrea Nicole Schneider, MOT, H.F. Machiel Van der Loos, PhD 
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 
Volume 98, Issue 10, Pages (October 2017)
DOI: /j.apmr
Copyright © 2017 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

2. Fig 1
Recruitment and allocation (January to April 2016). The enrollment, allocation, and assignment of participants were conducted by the first author. The allocation sequence was stored on a digital file, and the participants were not aware of their allocation until after the familiarization with the system was completed and the baseline measurements were taken.
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation  , DOI: ( /j.apmr )
Copyright © 2017 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

3. Fig 2
Experimental design. Number of trials in parenthesis. Participants did not receive feedback in any of the posttrials. This was a low-risk study, with fatigue being the only possible harm. To reduce fatigue, participants received 1 minute of rest after every 15 trials, and were able to rest between targets if requested. An average of 17.3±6.8 minutes elapsed between the end of the first feedback condition and the start of the second one. Abbreviations: Condition A, visual feedback; Condition B, force feedback.
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation  , DOI: ( /j.apmr )
Copyright © 2017 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

4. Fig 3
Experimental setup. Participants moved the robotic devices while completing the reaching task (displayed in the computer monitor). In addition, a motion tracking camera was placed in front of the participant to monitor trunk compensation.
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation  , DOI: ( /j.apmr )
Copyright © 2017 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

5. Fig 4
Virtual reaching task with visual feedback active. Participants needed to move both cursors inside the target (2 horizontal lines, top of the figure) to complete 1 trial. When not receiving visual feedback, the cursors would be empty (white).
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation  , DOI: ( /j.apmr )
Copyright © 2017 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

6. Fig 5
Provided feedback calculation. The maximum force feedback was 9.5Nm, and the minimum was 1Nm. The maximum visual feedback was 100%, and the minimum was 0%. Abbreviations: F, force feedback; Max., maximum; Min., minimum; V, visual feedback.
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation  , DOI: ( /j.apmr )
Copyright © 2017 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions