1. Makmal Fizik Angkasa
Research Activities and Projects in Space Physics Lab Prof. Dr. Mohd. Zambri Zainuddin Makmal Fizik Angkasa Jabatan Fizik

2. Makmal Fizik Angkasa
Experiment and research fields :
Stellar Spectroscopy
Astronomical Photometry
Sky Brightness
Seeing Measurement and Optical Quality
Sunspot Monitoring
Visibility of Moon Crescent
Astronomical Adaptive Optics
Robotic Telescope Mounting

3. Makmal Fizik Angkasa Stellar Spectroscopy What is spectroscopy?
Spectroscopy pertains to the dispersion of an object's light into its component colors (i.e. energies).
By performing this dissection and analysis of an object's light, astronomers can infer the physical properties of that object (such as temperature, mass, luminosity and composition).
Spectrograph and CCD camera
Equipment :
Spectrograph
Telescope
CCD Camera
Calibration Source
Telescope
Calibration source

4. Makmal Fizik Angkasa Stellar Spectroscopy Data Acquisition Technique
Capturing the image
Calibrating the spectra
The detector and spectrograph is attached to the telescope during the spectroscopic observation.
Processing the spectra
Lines identification and measurements such as EW, temperature and radial velocity.

5. Astronomical Photometry
Makmal Fizik Angkasa
Astronomical Photometry
Definition
The measurement of the brightness of the light source or other radiation within particular wavelength bands and of how this brightness varies with waveband and time.
STV
Experiments conducted in this fields:
Sky brightness
Seeing measurement and optical quality
Filter wheel
Equipment:
Telescope
CCD Camera
STV
Filter Wheel
Light meter
CCD and filter wheel were used in the photometric observation.

6. Astronomical Photometry
Makmal Fizik Angkasa
Astronomical Photometry
Sky Brightness
Observation technique to measure the brightness of the sky near the horizon.

7. The configuration of two hole mask in DIMM method
Makmal Fizik Angkasa
Astronomical Photometry
Seeing Measurement and Optical Quality
Astronomical “seeing”is a measure of how close of a double star can be resolved on that night. It is usually expressed in arcseconds.
Differential Image Motion Monitor (DIMM) technique is employed in measuring the seeing level where a two hole mask is placing over the telescope aperture. This will put the optics slightly out of focus to create two close but distinct star images, and the motion of one image relative to the other is then measured.
The configuration of two hole mask in DIMM method

8. Astronomical Photometry
Makmal Fizik Angkasa
Astronomical Photometry
The 3 dimensional stellar profile graph is displayed on the monitor screen of STV and seeing value is calculated during the observation.
SEEING (DIMM) Exp=96ms
Sep= 1.33^s FWHM=3.2^s

9. Astronomical Photometry
Makmal Fizik Angkasa
Astronomical Photometry
Optical Quality Measurement
Measures the optical image quality independent of seeing and drive problems.
Observation technique – by taking many very short exposures and reporting the best stellar widths it measures. The assumption is that drive errors are insignificant over short exposure times.
A 3D graph of the star profile is displayed in real time during the observation.
The optical quality is measured from the ratio of the peak brightness in an image to the total number of counts in the stellar spot.

10. Makmal Fizik Angkasa Sunspot Monitoring 20 July 2000 Time: 11:59 am
RSN: 342
21 July 2000
Time: 12:05 pm
RSN: 401
Sunspot monitoring device
11 August 2000
Time: 10:46 am
RSN : 176

11. Visibility of moon crescent
Makmal Fizik Angkasa
Visibility of moon crescent
Observation Technique
Moon Calculator software–program for moon data which very useful to know information about the moon such as the position of the moon and sun .
Jamadilakhir 1421
The 4-inch refractor mounted on the 12-inch telescope Meade is ready for taking the photos of moon crescent using the SLR camera whenever it can be seen.
Photos of moon crescent taken using SLR camera at f/6.3
Rejab 1422
Syaaban 1421
Observation form
Rabiulawal 1423

12. Data Kenampakan Hilal 2003 (Muharam-Syabaan)
Laporan Kenampakan Hilal 2003
Data Kenampakan Hilal 2003 (Muharam-Syabaan)
Tempat : Baitul Hilal, Teluk Kemang, Negeri Sembilan.
Longitud : ’ Timur
Latitud : 20 27’ Utara
Tekanan : 1005Pa
Peralatan yang digunakan : Teleskop Meade LX ”
Makmal Fizik Angkasa
Visibility of moon crescent
Data of moon crescent for 2000/2001.

13. Astronomical Adaptive Optics
Makmal Fizik Angkasa
Astronomical Adaptive Optics
Adaptive optics is a means for real time compensation of the image degradation caused by turbulence in the Earth’s atmosphere.
Inhomogeneities in the air refractive index produces by the turbulence can affect the image quality of ground-based telescopes.
Main components:
Deformable mirror- correcting the instantaneous wave-front distortions.
Wave-front sensor- measuring the scattered laser light to correct the wave-front aberrations on the target object.
Real time computer
Schematic layout of LGS system for an astronomical telescope

14. Makmal Fizik Angkasa
Astronomical Adaptive Optics

15. Robotic Telescope Mounting
Makmal Fizik Angkasa
Robotic Telescope Mounting
Paramount ME, robotic telescope mounting just arrived at our lab.
This 10 minutes unguided image of Horsehead nebulae was taken with C14 and SBIG ST9E at f/7 .
Some of the features offered in this type of mounting.
C14

16. Do visit our website at http://fizik.um.edu.my/angkasa
Makmal Fizik Angkasa
Do visit our website at
Thank you