1. Volume 121, Issue 4, Pages 839-852 (October 2001)
Multicellular gastric cancer spheroids recapitulate growth pattern and differentiation phenotype of human gastric carcinomas 
Barbara Mayer, Giannoula Klement, Mayumi Kaneko, Shan Man, Serge Jothy, Janusz Rak, Robert S. Kerbel 
Gastroenterology 
Volume 121, Issue 4, Pages (October 2001)
DOI: /gast
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2. Fig. 1
Spontaneous cell aggregation patterns of gastric cancer cell lines in 3D culture using the liquid overlay technique (average diameter is given in parentheses). (A) MKN-45, multicellular aggregate of loosely associated cells and easy to disperse by low-level mechanical forces (loose aggregate, 710 μm). (B) TMK-1, loose multicellular aggregate with a portion of cells forming clusters, but still easy to disrupt (clustered aggregate, 483 μm). In contrast, multicellular spheroids showed a higher degree of compaction and were resistant to mechanical disruption. (C) MKN-1, multicellular spheroid with local areas of compaction (partly compact spheroid, 462 μm). (D) RF-1, fully compact multicellular spheroid (265 μm). Original magnification 40×.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /gast )
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3. Fig. 2
Growth characteristics of gastric cancer cell lines in 2D and 3D cell cultures. Cell lines forming partly compact multicellular spheroids: (A and B) MKN-1, (C and D) MKN-74, (E and F) MKN-28, and (G and H) N87. Cell lines forming fully compact multicellular spheroids: (I and J) Hs746T and (K and L) RF-48. Arrows indicate cell clusters in 2D culture. Original magnification: A, C, E, G, and I, 200×; K, 100×; B, D, F, H, J, and L, 40×.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /gast )
Copyright © 2001 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
Expression of cell adhesion molecules in 2D and 3D cell cultures of various gastric cancer cell lines (FACS analysis). Dashed line represents isotype control staining in 2D culture, dotted line represents isotype control staining in 3D culture, thin continuous line represents specific antibody staining in 2D culture, and thick continuous line represents specific antibody staining in 3D culture. The ΔcMC (calculated as described in Materials and Methods) are the following: A, MKN-74, Δ122.47; B, MKN-1, Δ101.78; C, N87, Δ175.05; and D, MKN-28, Δ− Differences in CAM expression between 2D and 3D, P < 0.05, respectively.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /gast )
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5. Fig. 4
Histomorphological characteristics of gastric cancer cell lines in (A, C, E, and G) 2D and (B, D, F, and H) 3D cell cultures. Multicellular tumor spheroids recapitulate the differentiation phenotype similar to their parental tumors. (A and B) MKN-1, adenosquamous carcinoma; (C and D) MKN-28, moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma; (E and F) N87, well-differentiated adenocarcinoma; (G and H) Hs746T, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Original magnification 400×; H&E staining.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /gast )
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6. Fig. 5
Expression of (A, 2C, E, and G) E-cadherin and (B, D, F, and H) CD44s in multicellular gastric cancer spheroids with various degrees of histomorphological differentiation (FACS analysis). Dotted line represents isotype control staining, and thick continuous line represents specific antibody staining. (A and B) MKN-1, spheroid with squamous differentiation. (C and D) MKN-28, moderately differentiated spheroid. (E and F) N87, moderately to well-differentiated spheroid. (G and H) Hs-746T, poorly differentiated spheroid. cMC (calculated as described in Materials and Methods) are the following: A, 31.19; B, ; C, ; D, 0.07; E, ; F, 86.39; G, 0.09; and H,
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /gast )
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7. Fig. 6
Histomorphological characteristics of multicellular gastric cancer spheroids grown (A and D) in vitro and (B and E) in vivo. (C and F) Multicellular tumor spheroids lose their differentiated tumor architecture after implantation into the subcutis of immunodeficient mice and show a differentiation phenotype similar to that of xenografts after subcutaneous injection of the same cell line in single cell suspension. (A–C) MKN-1, adenosquamous carcinoma; (D–F) MKN-28, moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma; original magnification, 400×. Inserts localize subcutaneous tumor growth; original magnification, 200×. H&E staining.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /gast )
Copyright © 2001 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions