1. Sound Devices
Repetition: use of any elements of language (sounds, words, phrases, clauses, or sentences) more than once
Alliteration: the repetition of initial (beginning) sound in a group of words
Example: Pure perfect plops pelt my paint-chipped windowpane with precise persistence.
Assonance: the repetition of the same vowel sound in a group of words
Example: The green machine made keen sounds.
Consonance: the repetition of the same consonant sound in a group of words
Example: Sandy was washed up on the peninsula’s shore in the sunshine.
Refrain: a word, phrase, line, or lines repeated regularly in a poem which usually at the end of each stanza
Onomatopoeia: the use of words whose pronunciation imitates or suggests its meaning
Examples: Pow! Bam! Slam! Crunch! Ouch! Bark!

2. Rhyme scheme: a regular pattern of rhyming words in a poem –-usually indicated by a different letter for each new rhyme
Example: Twinkle, twinkle little star. A
How I wonder what you are. A
Up above the world so high. B
Like a diamond in the sky. B
End Rhyme: repetition of sounds at the end of words
Example: She always had to turn a light
beside her attic bed at night.
Internal rhyme: rhyming words that fall within the line
Example: We’ll drink a toast to those who most
believe in what they’ve done.
Meter: the rhythmical pattern of the poem determined by the number and types of stresses (beats) in each line