1. States of Matter and describing them

2. What is matter?
Matter is anything that has mass (made of atoms) and takes up space (volume).

3. Describing matter Property : a characteristic or description
Knowing properties of an object can help you determine the object’s identity
Two types of properties:
Physical properties
Chemical properties

4. Physical property
A property of matter that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the matter
Examples:
Color
Thermal conductivity
State of matter
Malleability
Ductility
Solubility
density
Mass

5. Chemical properties
A property of matter that describes a substance based on its ability to change into a new substance with different properties
Examples: (reactivity means when two substances get together, something can happen)
Flammability
Reactivity with oxygen (rust)
Reactivity with acid
Reactivity with water

6. What are states of matter?
The ones that occur on Earth often are solid, liquid, and gas.
Plasma is also another state of matter that doesn’t occur very often on Earth

8. Particles in matter
The particles in all matter are moving random motion
They move in different directions and different speeds
Depending on the state of matter, particles are arranged and move differently

9. Solids The motion of particles are always moving.
However, the particles in a solid are so close together that the attractive forces between them are strong
The particles in a solid stay in nearly the same position, vibrating back and forth in all directions
Solids have definite shape and definite
volume

10. Liquids
Attractive forces between particles in a liquid are weaker than in a solid
Particles can move past each other, allowing liquids to flow and change shape
Forces are strong enough to keep the particles close, which causes the volume of a liquid to remain the same
Liquids have no definite shape, but have a definite volume

11. Gas
Particles in a gas are much farther apart than the particles in a solid or liquid.
The forces between the particles are weak, they cannot be held together and move freely past each other
Gases have no fixed shape or volume because they can expand to fill their container.

12. Plasma Electrically charged particles like ions and electrons
Found in the visible universe in stars, such as the Sun, solar wind, auroras
Usually occurs at high temperatures
Can also be found in lightning and fluorescent lights

13. Bose-Einstein Condensate
Atoms at very low temperatures that slow down so much they lose their individual identity
They form a cloud that behaves like a single quantum entity